Estudio de la incidencia del labio leporino en pacientes que se atienden en la Facultad Piloto de Odontología Período 2012
Fecha
2013-07-19
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Odontología
Resumen
El labio leporino afecta el labio superior en uno o ambos lados, siendo
mas frecuente del lado izquierdo. Varía desde la simple fisura labial o
facial hasta lesiones que abarcan tejidos blandos y óseos. Por su parte, el
paladar hendido consiste en la fisura medial longitudinal de la bóveda
palatina, que comunica la cavidad bucal con la nasal; puede estar
asociado con el labio leporino o puede aparecer como una malformación
aislada. Se acepta en general que el factor etiológico principal de estas
malformaciones es de carácter genético. En algunos casos se ha sugerido
una causa ambiental y/o una causa mixta, razón por la cual se afirma que
la fisura labiopalatina es un proceso de origen multifactorial.
La aparición de este tipo de defecto ha venido en aumento a través de los
años. Hoy en día su incidencia se reporta como 1:700 nacimientos en la
raza blanca, 1:2000 en la raza negra. En Venezuela existe poca
información acerca de la incidencia de este tipo de malformación y de
acuerdo a este conocimiento la incidencia se reporta 1:1000 nacimientos.
Los defectos de la hendidura labiopalatina conducen a desajustes
psicosomáticos en el niño y alteran el equilibrio de su grupo familiar, por
ello es necesario diagnosticarlos prematuramente y es justificable
profundizar en su indagación como entidades aisladas y en su relación
con otras para la definición de un proceso morboso. Este conocimiento,
permitirá generar información de fuentes primarias, favoreciendo la
definición de áreas para futuras investigaciones y el conocimiento de
aspectos genéticos y epidemiológicos de estas alteraciones.
Este trabajo está orientado al estudio de la incidencia del labio leporino en
los pacientes que llegan a ser tratados en la facultad Piloto de
Odontología en el periodo 2012. Las anomalías congénitas se originan en
la vida prenatal en donde se altera la secuencia de eventos
morfofisiológicos, generando malformaciones, entre ellas las anomalías
cráneo maxilo faciales; Alrededor de la mitad de la población no presenta
corrección de la fisura del paladar, aún cuando por las implicaciones
sociales de esta patología necesitamos la atención integral durante un
largo periodo de la vida del paciente y la necesidad de contar con la
intervención de un grupo interdisciplinario de profesionales para
garantizar una atención integral del individuo que le permita una
adecuada inserción en sus entornos educativos, laborales y sociales. La
experiencia mundial y nacional, ha demostrado que se requiere no solo de
un manejo quirúrgico, si no que para lograr rescatar las funciones
fisiológicas y la estética pérdidas, se recomienda el manejo
interdisciplinario con atención en centros especializados de acuerdo a una
guía clínica, entre estas la odontológica, con seguimiento y resultados en
los pacientes durante un periodo largo de su vida, que permita evaluar el
proceso y ante los cuales exista una responsabilidad ética y legal, para
poder devolver la funcionalidad del sistema estomatognático, pero
también devolver sus condiciones de calidad de vida, de autoestima y de
desarrollo social en los ámbitos cotidianos de desempeño.
El objetivo de esta investigación es establecer los porcentajes de
incidencia de labio leporino de pacientes pediátrico atendido en la facultad
de odontología año 2012.
Cleft lip affects the upper lip on one or both sides , with more frequent on the left side . Varies from simple cleft lip or covering up facial injuries soft tissue and bone . For its part, the consists cleft palate medial longitudinal dome palate , oral cavity communicating with the nasal ; may be associated with cleft lip or it may appear as a malformation isolated . It is generally accepted that the main causative factor of these is genetic malformations . In some cases it has been suggested an environmental cause and / or a mixed cause, reason states that the cleft lip and palate is a multifactorial process . The appearance of this type of defect has been increasing over the years . Today its incidence is reported as 1:700 births in the white, 1:2000 in blacks . In Venezuela there is little information about the incidence of this type of malformation and According to this knowledge the reported incidence 1:1000 births . The cleft lip and palate defects lead to mismatches psychosomatic in children and alter the balance of your household , for it is necessary to diagnose early and is justifiable deepen their inquiry as isolated entities and their relationship other for the definition of a disease process . This knowledge , will generate information from primary sources , favoring definition of areas for future research and knowledge genetic and epidemiological aspects of these alterations. This work is aimed to study the incidence of cleft lip patients who become covered in the Pilot faculty Dentistry in the 2012 period . Congenital anomalies originate prenatal life where the sequence of events is altered morphophysiologic , generating malformations including abnormalities maxillo facial skull ; About half of the population has correction of cleft palate , although the implications social pathology of this need for a comprehensive care long period of life of the patient and the need for the intervention by an interdisciplinary group of professionals to ensure comprehensive care of the individual that allows him a proper integration in their education , work and social environments. the global and national experience has shown that it requires not only surgical management , but it functions in order to rescue physiological and aesthetic losses , management is recommended with interdisciplinary care in specialized centers according to a between these dental clinical guidelines, with follow-up and results patients over a long period of his life , to assess the process and to which there is an ethical and legal responsibility to to restore functionality of the stomatognathic system, but also return their conditions of quality of life, self-esteem and social development in everyday domains of performance. The objective of this research is to establish the percentages of incidence of cleft lip pediatric patients served on the faculty Dentistry 2012.
Cleft lip affects the upper lip on one or both sides , with more frequent on the left side . Varies from simple cleft lip or covering up facial injuries soft tissue and bone . For its part, the consists cleft palate medial longitudinal dome palate , oral cavity communicating with the nasal ; may be associated with cleft lip or it may appear as a malformation isolated . It is generally accepted that the main causative factor of these is genetic malformations . In some cases it has been suggested an environmental cause and / or a mixed cause, reason states that the cleft lip and palate is a multifactorial process . The appearance of this type of defect has been increasing over the years . Today its incidence is reported as 1:700 births in the white, 1:2000 in blacks . In Venezuela there is little information about the incidence of this type of malformation and According to this knowledge the reported incidence 1:1000 births . The cleft lip and palate defects lead to mismatches psychosomatic in children and alter the balance of your household , for it is necessary to diagnose early and is justifiable deepen their inquiry as isolated entities and their relationship other for the definition of a disease process . This knowledge , will generate information from primary sources , favoring definition of areas for future research and knowledge genetic and epidemiological aspects of these alterations. This work is aimed to study the incidence of cleft lip patients who become covered in the Pilot faculty Dentistry in the 2012 period . Congenital anomalies originate prenatal life where the sequence of events is altered morphophysiologic , generating malformations including abnormalities maxillo facial skull ; About half of the population has correction of cleft palate , although the implications social pathology of this need for a comprehensive care long period of life of the patient and the need for the intervention by an interdisciplinary group of professionals to ensure comprehensive care of the individual that allows him a proper integration in their education , work and social environments. the global and national experience has shown that it requires not only surgical management , but it functions in order to rescue physiological and aesthetic losses , management is recommended with interdisciplinary care in specialized centers according to a between these dental clinical guidelines, with follow-up and results patients over a long period of his life , to assess the process and to which there is an ethical and legal responsibility to to restore functionality of the stomatognathic system, but also return their conditions of quality of life, self-esteem and social development in everyday domains of performance. The objective of this research is to establish the percentages of incidence of cleft lip pediatric patients served on the faculty Dentistry 2012.
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SALUD PUBLICA, LABIO LEPORINO, TRATAMIENTO ODONTOLOGICO