Impacto de los cuidados maternos en la salud de los niños expuestos perinatales con vih en el Hospital Materno Infantil Dra. Matilde Hidalgo de Procel
Fecha
2012
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Enfermería
Resumen
El SIDA es una enfermedad incurable causada por la infección del virus de inmunodeficiencia adquirida (VIH); las tasas de infección con esta enfermedad han aumentado y muchas mujeres que han dado a luz tienen VIH, sin embargo, existen altas probabilidades de salvar la vida del niño expuesto perinatal, si se procuran los cuidados maternos adecuados. La presente investigación tuvo el objetivo de determinar el impacto que tienen los cuidados maternos en la salud de los niños expuestos perinatales con VIH en el Hospital Materno Infantil “Dra. Matilde Hidalgo de Procel”; el tipo de estudio fue descriptivo, transversal, con modalidad bibliográfica y de campo, bajo el uso de métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos, aplicando una encuesta a las madres con VIH con base en cuestionario con preguntas cerradas, siendo los resultados más relevantes, la existencia de un diagnóstico de VIH negativo en 50% de niños, a pesar que las tres cuartas partes de la población objetivo no dio leche de sus pechos a sus hijos, sin embargo, no bañó a sus hijos con la frecuencia apropiada, el 83% de las madres no cumplió con el esquema de vacunación para su hijo; esto trajo como consecuencia el 87% de niños expuestos perinatales enfermos, siendo las afecciones más comunes las respiratorias, además se registró un 23% de bebés con bajo peso, concluyéndose que las madres con VIH desconocen los cuidados para sus hijos expuestos perinatales, por lo tanto, se recomendó a las autoridades del centro hospitalario, la implementación de un plan educativo para reforzar los conocimientos de las madres con VIH, acerca de los cuidados adecuados para el niño, en alimentación, aseo, vacunación y control médico, para reducir la tasa de mortalidad por VIH, en beneficio de la salud y calidad de vida de los niños expuestos perinatales.
AIDS is an incurable disease caused by infection of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); the rates of infection with this disease have increased and many women who have given birth have HIV, however, there are high chances of saving the life of the child exposed perinatal, if sought to be the adequate maternal care. The present investigation was to determine the impact of maternal care in the health of the exposed children with perinatal HIV in the Mother and Child Hospital "Dr. MATILDE HIDALGO DE PROCEL "; the type of study was descriptive, transverse, with modality bibliographic and field, under the use of qualitative and quantitative methods by applying a survey to mothers with HIV based on questionnaire with closed questions, being the most relevant results, the existence of a diagnosis of HIV-negative in 50% of children, in spite of the fact that three-quarters of the target population did not milk from their breasts to their children, however, no bathroom to their children with the proper frequency, 83% of the mothers did not comply with the vaccination schedule for your child, this resulted in an 87% of children exposed perinatal sick, being the most common affections the respiratory tract, in addition there was a 23% of babies with low birth weight, and concluded that mothers with HIV are unaware of the care of their children exposed perinatal, therefore, it was recommended that the authorities of the hospital, the implementation of an educational plan to strengthen the knowledge of HIV-positive mothers, about the proper care for the child, food, toiletries, vaccination and medical control, to reduce the mortality rate of HIV, for the benefit of the health and quality of life of children exposed perinatal.
AIDS is an incurable disease caused by infection of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); the rates of infection with this disease have increased and many women who have given birth have HIV, however, there are high chances of saving the life of the child exposed perinatal, if sought to be the adequate maternal care. The present investigation was to determine the impact of maternal care in the health of the exposed children with perinatal HIV in the Mother and Child Hospital "Dr. MATILDE HIDALGO DE PROCEL "; the type of study was descriptive, transverse, with modality bibliographic and field, under the use of qualitative and quantitative methods by applying a survey to mothers with HIV based on questionnaire with closed questions, being the most relevant results, the existence of a diagnosis of HIV-negative in 50% of children, in spite of the fact that three-quarters of the target population did not milk from their breasts to their children, however, no bathroom to their children with the proper frequency, 83% of the mothers did not comply with the vaccination schedule for your child, this resulted in an 87% of children exposed perinatal sick, being the most common affections the respiratory tract, in addition there was a 23% of babies with low birth weight, and concluded that mothers with HIV are unaware of the care of their children exposed perinatal, therefore, it was recommended that the authorities of the hospital, the implementation of an educational plan to strengthen the knowledge of HIV-positive mothers, about the proper care for the child, food, toiletries, vaccination and medical control, to reduce the mortality rate of HIV, for the benefit of the health and quality of life of children exposed perinatal.
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Síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida, Perinatología, Programas educativos, Pediatría, Cuidado del niño, Hospital Materno Infantil Dra. Matilde Hidalgo de Procel, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Virus de inmunodeficiencia humana, Epidemiología descriptiva