Perfil etiológico de la diarrea infantil basado en estudios clínicos y laboratorio, estudio a realizarse en el Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil período 2014-2015
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
Introducción: La diarrea infantil se define como 3 o más evacuaciones de deposiciones
líquidas o acuosas en 24 horas. Esto habitualmente significa un volumen de deposiciones
de más de 10 g/k/día en lactantes y niños menores o más de 200 g/ día en niños mayores
y adultos. Se destaca que la consistencia y volumen de las deposiciones son más
importantes que su frecuencia. Por otra parte, se considera aguda cuando la duración es
menor a 7 días y crónica cuando se presenta por 30 o más días.
Materiales y métodos: Se tomó una muestra de 200 pacientes con diagnóstico diarrea y
gastroenteritis de presunto origen infeccioso del hospital universitario de Guayaquil.
Fueron examinados por los médicos del servicio de pediatría mediante estudio clínico y
de laboratorio.
Resultados: Utilizando los datos de Enero del 2014 a Agosto del 2015 se encontró que de
los 200 niños estudiados 106 fueron del sexo masculino y 84 de sexo femenino, 57 fue
de 0 a 1 año, 34 de 1 a 5 años, 65 de 5 a 10 años y 44 de 10 a 14 años.
En 130 niños se encontró Fiebre que fue uno de los principales síntomas en niños de 5 a
10 años, la deshidratación que es una de las complicaciones importantes en la diarrea solo
se lo encontró en 24 niños en la edad de 1 a 5. Las náuseas y vómitos estuvieron presente
en 92 niños, la distensión abdominal en 95 pacientes, la pérdida de peso en 69 y el
pujo/tenesmo en 118 niños.
Se identificó una relación simultánea entre agentes patógenos virales y bacterianos en
niños menores de 10 años, mientras que en edades mayores a ésta el agente causal son de
origen parasitario. La biometría hemática fue positiva en 49% en niños de 0 a 1 año, 35%
en 1 a 5 años, 35% en edad de 5 a 10 y 25% en niños de 10 a 14 años. Mientras que el
coproparasitário representó 5% en edad de 0 a 1 año, 32% en 1 a 5 años, el 32% en edad
de 5 a 10 y el 65% en niños de 10 a 14 años.
Introduction: Childhood diarrhea is defined as 3 or more liquid stools or watery stools in 24 hours. This usually means a volume of depositions of more than 10 g / kg / day for infants and children or more than 200 g / day in older children and adults. It stresses that consistency and stool volume are more important than frequency. Moreover, it is considered acute when the duration is less than 7 days and chronic when presented for 30 or more days. Materials and Methods: A sample of 200 patients diagnosed with diarrhea and gastroenteritis of presumed infectious origin of the university hospital in Guayaquil was taken. They were examined by doctors at the pediatric ward by clinical and laboratory study. Results: Using data from January 2014 to August 2015 found that of the 200 children studied, 106 were male and 84 female, 57 was from 0 to 1 year 34 1 to 5 years, 65 of 5 44 to 10 years and 10 to 14 years. Fever in 130 children was found to be one of the main symptoms in children aged 5 to 10 years, dehydration is one of the major complications of diarrhea found only 24 children in age from 1 to 5. Nausea and vomiting were present in 92 children, abdominal distension in 95 patients, weight loss 69 and the pushing / tenesmus in 118 children. A simultaneous relationship between viral and bacterial in children under 10 identified pathogens, while at older ages to this are the causative agent of parasitic origin. The CBC was positive in 49% of children aged 0 to 1 year, 35% in 1 to 5 years, 35% in age from 5 to 10 and 25% in children 10 to 14 years. While coproparasitário represented 5% age 0 to 1 year, 32% in 1 to 5 years, 32% in age from 5 to 10 and 65% in children 10 to 14 years.
Introduction: Childhood diarrhea is defined as 3 or more liquid stools or watery stools in 24 hours. This usually means a volume of depositions of more than 10 g / kg / day for infants and children or more than 200 g / day in older children and adults. It stresses that consistency and stool volume are more important than frequency. Moreover, it is considered acute when the duration is less than 7 days and chronic when presented for 30 or more days. Materials and Methods: A sample of 200 patients diagnosed with diarrhea and gastroenteritis of presumed infectious origin of the university hospital in Guayaquil was taken. They were examined by doctors at the pediatric ward by clinical and laboratory study. Results: Using data from January 2014 to August 2015 found that of the 200 children studied, 106 were male and 84 female, 57 was from 0 to 1 year 34 1 to 5 years, 65 of 5 44 to 10 years and 10 to 14 years. Fever in 130 children was found to be one of the main symptoms in children aged 5 to 10 years, dehydration is one of the major complications of diarrhea found only 24 children in age from 1 to 5. Nausea and vomiting were present in 92 children, abdominal distension in 95 patients, weight loss 69 and the pushing / tenesmus in 118 children. A simultaneous relationship between viral and bacterial in children under 10 identified pathogens, while at older ages to this are the causative agent of parasitic origin. The CBC was positive in 49% of children aged 0 to 1 year, 35% in 1 to 5 years, 35% in age from 5 to 10 and 25% in children 10 to 14 years. While coproparasitário represented 5% age 0 to 1 year, 32% in 1 to 5 years, 32% in age from 5 to 10 and 65% in children 10 to 14 years.
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DIARREA INFANTIL, DESHIDRATACIÓN, HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO DE GUAYAQUIL, DIAGNOSTICO, ETIOLOGÍA, CANTÓN GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR