Plan de negocio para la creación de un minimarket en la ciudadela sauces IV de la Ciudad de Guayaquil
Fecha
2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas
Resumen
En los últimos tiempos, las principales avenidas del sector de Sauces IV, se han venido incrementando una serie de negocios de venta de artículos varios, los mismos que por a falta de espacio y de infraestructura, no cuentan con variedad de productos que demanda el mercado. Esta ciudadela es uno de los planes de vivienda impulsada por la Junta Nacional de la Vivienda en el año de 1979, que comenzó a ser habitada en el año 1984, las familias fundadoras han emigrado a nuevas zonas residenciales, procediendo a vender o alquilar sus villas, muchas de ellas para habitar y otras para locales comercial.
Debido a la problemática de no contar con un local que les brinde un buen servicio y con el fin de crear un negocio que nos genere ingresos, realizamos un estudio por medio de una encuesta que nos permitió conocer la viabilidad y rentabilidad de implementar dicho negocio, que contará con la infraestructura adecuada y la variedad de productos que requieren; además de este estudio realizamos un análisis de FODA para conocer las fuerzas, oportunidades, debilidades y amenazas que se podrían presentar en el desarrollo del negocio.
Para el funcionamiento, implementación y equipamiento del local, necesitamos plantear las proyecciones de los estados financieros y los flujos de caja que nos permitan evaluar la rentabilidad y viabilidad del proyecto, para ello requeriremos de una inversión aproximada de USD$ 57.998,00, contando al momento con un capital mediano de USD$ 29.998,00 en efectivo que representa el 52% de la inversión que tenemos proyectado y que constituye el aporte de los investigadores y el restante de USD $28.000,00 o sea el 48%, lo obtendremos a través de un préstamo bancario, conforme al estudio financiero que presentaremos más adelante.
La norma de la rentabilidad de la inversión no será el indicador más seguro para la evaluación financiera del proyecto, debido a que no examina el valor del dinero a través del tiempo, ni toma en cuenta como se presentan los flujos de efectivo netos, antes y después de la aplicación del criterio de rentabilidad. Para resolver esta deficiencia, se deberá considerar dos criterios de evaluación financiera que sí toman en cuenta el valor del dinero a través del tiempo, utilizando para su cálculo flujos netos de efectivo descontados por una tasa de actualización, éstos son el VAN y TIR. Los réditos que arroja el proyecto, para el primer año de actividades, es del 2,17% y es notable el comentar que, a lo largo del período de vida útil del mismo, se van incrementando anualmente, hasta llegar a ser del 10,85%, en el año cinco. Razón explicable debido a que cada año se irán incrementando el margen de capacidad utilizada, así como también los volúmenes de ventas y finalmente, las utilidades, las que habrán de incrementar a consecuencia de la disminución de los gastos financieros.
El Valor Actual Neto, nos permite equiparar los flujos de efectivo que se presentan en varios períodos de tiempo en uno solo, llevándolos todos al presente, actualizados o descontados a través de una tasa de descuento. En el proyecto base, él VAN, es de $ 27.196,00 al considerar una tasa inflacionaria del 1.12%, por lo que su resultado es positivo, mayor que cero, que significa que deberá ser aprobado. Estos valores son considerados buenos, toda vez que el parámetro normal es de 1.0, por lo que cualquier resultado mayor que éste, es considerado bueno.
In recent times, the main avenues of the Sauces IV sector, have been increasing a number of businesses selling various items, the same as lack of space and infrastructure, do not have a variety of products that demand the market . This citadel is one of the housing plans promoted by the National Housing Board in the year of 1979, which began to be inhabited in 1984, the founding families have migrated to new residential areas, proceeding to sell or rent their houses, many of them for living and others for commercial premises. Due to the problem of not having a place that provides a good service and in order to create a business that allows us to generate income, we conducted a study through a survey that allowed us to know the feasibility and profitability of implementing this business , which will have the appropriate infrastructure and the variety of products they require; In addition to this study, we carried out a analysis to know the strengths, opportunities, weaknesses and threats that could arise in the development of the business. For the operation, implementation and equipment of the premises, we need to present the projections of the financial statements and the cash flows that allow us to evaluate the profitability and viability of the project, for this we will require an investment of approximately USD $ 57,998.00, With a median capital of USD $ 29,998.00 in cash representing 52% of the investment we have projected and that constitutes the contribution of the researchers and the remaining USD $ 28,000.00 that is 48%, we will obtain it through A bank loan, according to the financial study presented below. The standard of return on investment will not be the safest indicator for the financial evaluation of the project because it does not examine the value of money over time or take into account how the net cash flows are presented before After the application of the profitability criterion. To solve this deficiency, two financial evaluation criteria should be considered. If they take into account the value of money over time, using net cash flows discounted by an update rate, they are the NPV and IRR. The project revenue, for the first year of activities, is 2.17% and it is noteworthy to comment that, throughout the useful life of the project, they increase annually until reaching 10, 85%, in year five. Reasonable explanation because each year will increase the margin of capacity used, as well as sales volumes and finally, profits, which will increase as a result of the decrease in financial expenses. The Net Present Value, allows us to equate the cash flows that are presented in several periods of time in a single one, taking them all to the present, updated or discounted through a discount rate. In the base project, the NPV is $ 27,196.00 when considering an inflation rate of 1.12%, so that its result is positive, greater than zero, which means that it must be approved. These values are considered good, since the normal parameter is 1.0, so any result greater than this, is considered good.
In recent times, the main avenues of the Sauces IV sector, have been increasing a number of businesses selling various items, the same as lack of space and infrastructure, do not have a variety of products that demand the market . This citadel is one of the housing plans promoted by the National Housing Board in the year of 1979, which began to be inhabited in 1984, the founding families have migrated to new residential areas, proceeding to sell or rent their houses, many of them for living and others for commercial premises. Due to the problem of not having a place that provides a good service and in order to create a business that allows us to generate income, we conducted a study through a survey that allowed us to know the feasibility and profitability of implementing this business , which will have the appropriate infrastructure and the variety of products they require; In addition to this study, we carried out a analysis to know the strengths, opportunities, weaknesses and threats that could arise in the development of the business. For the operation, implementation and equipment of the premises, we need to present the projections of the financial statements and the cash flows that allow us to evaluate the profitability and viability of the project, for this we will require an investment of approximately USD $ 57,998.00, With a median capital of USD $ 29,998.00 in cash representing 52% of the investment we have projected and that constitutes the contribution of the researchers and the remaining USD $ 28,000.00 that is 48%, we will obtain it through A bank loan, according to the financial study presented below. The standard of return on investment will not be the safest indicator for the financial evaluation of the project because it does not examine the value of money over time or take into account how the net cash flows are presented before After the application of the profitability criterion. To solve this deficiency, two financial evaluation criteria should be considered. If they take into account the value of money over time, using net cash flows discounted by an update rate, they are the NPV and IRR. The project revenue, for the first year of activities, is 2.17% and it is noteworthy to comment that, throughout the useful life of the project, they increase annually until reaching 10, 85%, in year five. Reasonable explanation because each year will increase the margin of capacity used, as well as sales volumes and finally, profits, which will increase as a result of the decrease in financial expenses. The Net Present Value, allows us to equate the cash flows that are presented in several periods of time in a single one, taking them all to the present, updated or discounted through a discount rate. In the base project, the NPV is $ 27,196.00 when considering an inflation rate of 1.12%, so that its result is positive, greater than zero, which means that it must be approved. These values are considered good, since the normal parameter is 1.0, so any result greater than this, is considered good.
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INVESTIGACIÓN, VENTA, PRODUCTOS, ECONÓMICO