Neumonía nosocomial : factores de riesgo y complicaciones en pacientes mayores de 65 años, en el Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil, enero 2014-junio 2015
Fecha
2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
El presente trabajo de titulación, se realizó en el Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil en pacientes con neumonía nosocomial en Enero 2014- Junio del 2015, con el propósito de conocer los factores de riesgo y complicaciones en los pacientes atendidos con dicha patología en el periodo antes determinado. Esta investigación es de corte transversal, retrospectivo por lo cual se analizaron las historias clínicas de cada uno de los pacientes recolectando de esta manera información detallada de cada caso.
La población sobre la que se realizó este trabajo fue de 75 pacientes, se pudo demostrar que el factor de riesgo intrínseco más importante, fue la presencia de enfermedades crónicas subyacentes. El género más afectado fue el femenino, al que corresponde el 56% de los casos mientras que el masculino alcanza el 44%. Además se pudo obtener, como factor de riesgo extrínseco más relevante, la hospitalización prolongada ya que el 63% de los pacientes permanecieron ingresados por más de 15 días.
Respecto a las complicaciones presentadas por los pacientes con diagnóstico de neumonía nosocomial, la más frecuente fue la sepsis (31%), seguida en orden de frecuencia por fracaso del tratamiento (16%) y muerte (15%) como las más tres complicaciones más importantes a señalar
The following degree work was performed at the Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil, in patients with nosocomial pneumonia during the year 2014 until June 2015, with the purpose of knowing the risk factors and complications in patients with this disease in the previously mentioned period. This research is cross-sectional, retrospective cut which analyzed the medical records of each patient collecting detailed information of each case. The population on which this work was done was of 75 patients. It could be demonstrated that the most important intrinsic risk factor in the population on which the study was carried out, was the presence of underlying chronic diseases. The most affected gender was female, corresponding to 56% of cases while the male reached 44%. In additio, as most relevant extrinsic risk factor was the prolonged hospitalization since 63 percent of patients were admitted for more than 15 days. Regarding the complications presented by patients with diagnosis of nosocomial pneumonia, the most common was sepsis (31%), followed in order of frequency by treatment failure (16%) and death (15%) as the three more important complications to point out
The following degree work was performed at the Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil, in patients with nosocomial pneumonia during the year 2014 until June 2015, with the purpose of knowing the risk factors and complications in patients with this disease in the previously mentioned period. This research is cross-sectional, retrospective cut which analyzed the medical records of each patient collecting detailed information of each case. The population on which this work was done was of 75 patients. It could be demonstrated that the most important intrinsic risk factor in the population on which the study was carried out, was the presence of underlying chronic diseases. The most affected gender was female, corresponding to 56% of cases while the male reached 44%. In additio, as most relevant extrinsic risk factor was the prolonged hospitalization since 63 percent of patients were admitted for more than 15 days. Regarding the complications presented by patients with diagnosis of nosocomial pneumonia, the most common was sepsis (31%), followed in order of frequency by treatment failure (16%) and death (15%) as the three more important complications to point out
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Infección hospitalaria, Neumonía, Estudios retrospectivos, Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Anciano