Trastornos de lenguaje por hipoacusia neurosensorial grave y su influencia escolar en niños de nueve a doce años
Fecha
2013
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
El presente tema de tesis realiza el análisis y evaluación de Como incide la Hipoacusia Neurosensorial Grave en los Problemas de Comunicación de los Niños de 9 a 12 años que empiezan a utilizar Audífonos y su Influencia escolar, el objetivo general de este estudio es Demostrar que se puede seguir un plan de habilitación y rehabilitación auditiva de hipoacusias neurosensoriales aunque se empiece la utilización de audífonos tardíamente, mejorando así las dificultades en el aprendizaje en niños de 9 a 12 años, a los que se le ha impedido que su desarrollo evolutivo y cognitivo no sea semejante a niños normoyentes de las mismas edades. Los sujetos investigados fueron los Pacientes audiológicos de 9 a 12 años del Departamento de Fisiatría del Hospital Abel Gilbert Pontón y estudiantes de la Escuela Municipal de Audición y Lenguaje que utilizan audífonos, los instrumentos utilizados fueron bajalenguas, espejos, cremas, algodón, cartillas con frases, secuenciales, vocabulario, acciones, cuadernos, marcadores, y espacio físico para realizar las evaluaciones, los procedimientos para la obtener resultados fueron la observación, encuestas, entrevistes, audiometrías, logoaudimetrías y potenciales de evocado. Esta tesis se la presenta por capítulos, dentro de ellos se encuentra el marco teórico subdividido en 8 unidades, más los gráficos de los Resultados obtenidos el cual refleja que la realidad del entorno familiar no es favorable para la Habilitación y Rehabilitación del Lenguaje en la mayoría de los casos, que la Hipoacusia con mayor incidencia es la Conductiva y las edades frecuentes oscilan entre 0 a 3 años de edad, que la mayoría de la población no sabe comunicarse con personas con hipoacusia y les gustaría ser capacitadas para ello, por lo que se concluye que al analizar el proceso del desarrollo lingüístico, cognitivo y socioafectivo de los niños hipoacúsicos con un entorno familiar inestable influye en la no evolución del paciente y en su rendimiento escolar, que falta brindar capacitación a los maestros regulares y familiares para lograr la inclusión escolar adecuada, que no es posible regular el área educativa de los niños con hipoacusia igual a sus semejantes normoyentes debido a que la intención comunicativa es menor en unos casos y mayor en otros, aunque utilicen amplificadores de sonido auditivos (audífonos) los cuales son parte de una rehabilitación del lenguaje.
The present thesis topic analyzes and evaluates how Serious Neurosensory Hearing Loss affects the Communication Problems of Children from 9 to 12 years old who begin to use Hearing aids and their school Influence, the general objective of this study is to demonstrate that can follow a plan for habilitation and auditory rehabilitation of sensorineural hearing loss even if the use of hearing aids is delayed, thus improving learning difficulties in children aged 9 to 12 years, who have been prevented from developing their cognitive and evolutionary be similar to normal-hearing children of the same ages. The subjects investigated were the audiological patients from 9 to 12 years old from the Department of Physiatry of the Abel Gilbert Pontón Hospital and students of the Municipal School of Hearing and Language who use hearing aids, the instruments used were tongue depressors, mirrors, creams, cotton, primers with phrases , sequential, vocabulary, actions, notebooks, markers, and physical space to perform the evaluations, the procedures for obtaining results were observation, surveys, interviews, audiometries, logoaudimetrías and evoked potentials. This thesis is presented by chapters, within them is the theoretical framework subdivided into 8 units, plus the graphs of the results obtained which reflects that the reality of the family environment is not favorable for the Enabling and Rehabilitation of Language in most of the cases, that the Hipoacusia with greater incidence is the Conductive one and the frequent ages oscillate between 0 to 3 years of age, that the majority of the population does not know how to communicate with people with hipoacusia and would like to be trained for it, reason why It is concluded that analyzing the process of linguistic, cognitive and socio-affective development of hearing-impaired children with an unstable family environment influences the patient's non-evolution and school performance, that lack of training for regular teachers and family members to achieve inclusion school, it is not possible to regulate the educational area of children with hearing loss equal to their peers s normoyentes because the communicative intention is lower in some cases and higher in others, although they use auditory sound amplifiers (hearing aids) which are part of a language rehabilitation
The present thesis topic analyzes and evaluates how Serious Neurosensory Hearing Loss affects the Communication Problems of Children from 9 to 12 years old who begin to use Hearing aids and their school Influence, the general objective of this study is to demonstrate that can follow a plan for habilitation and auditory rehabilitation of sensorineural hearing loss even if the use of hearing aids is delayed, thus improving learning difficulties in children aged 9 to 12 years, who have been prevented from developing their cognitive and evolutionary be similar to normal-hearing children of the same ages. The subjects investigated were the audiological patients from 9 to 12 years old from the Department of Physiatry of the Abel Gilbert Pontón Hospital and students of the Municipal School of Hearing and Language who use hearing aids, the instruments used were tongue depressors, mirrors, creams, cotton, primers with phrases , sequential, vocabulary, actions, notebooks, markers, and physical space to perform the evaluations, the procedures for obtaining results were observation, surveys, interviews, audiometries, logoaudimetrías and evoked potentials. This thesis is presented by chapters, within them is the theoretical framework subdivided into 8 units, plus the graphs of the results obtained which reflects that the reality of the family environment is not favorable for the Enabling and Rehabilitation of Language in most of the cases, that the Hipoacusia with greater incidence is the Conductive one and the frequent ages oscillate between 0 to 3 years of age, that the majority of the population does not know how to communicate with people with hipoacusia and would like to be trained for it, reason why It is concluded that analyzing the process of linguistic, cognitive and socio-affective development of hearing-impaired children with an unstable family environment influences the patient's non-evolution and school performance, that lack of training for regular teachers and family members to achieve inclusion school, it is not possible to regulate the educational area of children with hearing loss equal to their peers s normoyentes because the communicative intention is lower in some cases and higher in others, although they use auditory sound amplifiers (hearing aids) which are part of a language rehabilitation
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Trastornos del lenguaje, Pérdida auditiva sensorineural, Rehabilitación del habla y del lenguaje, Hospital de Especialidades Guayaquil Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón, Escuela Municipal de Audición y Lenguaje, Pediatría, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Escolares