Hipoacusia leve y su influencia en el aprendizaje de un niño escolarizado (6-9 años)
Fecha
2013
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
Hipoacusia es una disminución de la capacidad del nivel de audición, que se encuentra por debajo de lo normal. Cuando esta pérdida auditiva es total se denomina cofosis o sordera. Es muy importante que se produzca una detección precoz para que el niño adquiera una de las capacidades más importantes que posee el ser humano, el “lenguaje”. Se clasifica según la intensidad las hipoacusias se clasifican en: Hipoacusia leve, cuando la pérdida es de 20 a 40 decibeles. Hipoacusia moderada, cuando la pérdida es de 40 a 70 dB. Hipoacusia severa cuando pierde de 70 a 90 dB e Hipoacusia profunda cuando es de más de 90 dB. Esta patología afecta de sobremanera al desarrollo académico del estudiante y sus relaciones interpersonales. El presente estudio tuvo como propósito determinar la relación existente entre la hipoacusia leve y el aprendizaje en escolares de 6 a 9 años que asisten a las terapias de lenguaje del Hospital Nacional de Especialidades Guayaquil “Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón” durante el periodo 2011 – 2012, para ello se identificaron características clínicas y antecedentes personales relacionados con la hipoacusia, se evaluó la influencia de las terapias recibidas por el pacientes según la mejoría de las relaciones interpersonales y rendimiento académico. Se trató de un estudio descriptivo, de modalidad proyecto factible, de tipo aplicada. Entre los principales resultados se pudo apreciar que sólo un 7,4% de los pacientes son referidos de la escuela, además constatar que mediante la intervención oportuna de profesionales competentes se logra mejorar las relaciones sociales – afectivas de los pacientes y su desempeño académico (aprendizaje). Los resultados de este estudio han podido servir como base para proponer una campaña de detección de la Hipoacusia leve en planteles educativos cercanos al Hospital
Hearing loss is a decrease in the ability of the hearing level, which is below normal. When this hearing loss is total, it is called a cofosis or deafness. It is very important that there is an early detection so that the child acquires one of the most important abilities that the human being possesses, the "language". It is classified according to the intensity hearing loss are classified as: Mild hearing loss, when the loss is 20 to 40 decibels. Moderate hearing loss, when the loss is 40 to 70 dB. Severe hearing loss when it loses 70 to 90 dB and profound hearing loss when it is more than 90 dB. This pathology greatly affects the student's academic development and interpersonal relationships. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between mild hearing loss and learning in school children aged 6 to 9 years attending language therapies at the National Hospital of Specialties Guayaquil "Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontoon "during the period 2011 - 2012, for this clinical characteristics and personal history related to hearing loss were identified, the influence of the therapies received by the patients was evaluated according to the improvement of interpersonal relationships and academic performance. It was a descriptive study, of feasible project modality, of applied type. Among the main results it was possible to appreciate that only 7.4% of the patients are referred from the school, in addition to verify that through the timely intervention of competent professionals it is possible to improve the social - affective relationships of the patients and their academic performance (learning ). The results of this study have served as a basis to propose a campaign to detect mild hearing loss in schools near the Hospital
Hearing loss is a decrease in the ability of the hearing level, which is below normal. When this hearing loss is total, it is called a cofosis or deafness. It is very important that there is an early detection so that the child acquires one of the most important abilities that the human being possesses, the "language". It is classified according to the intensity hearing loss are classified as: Mild hearing loss, when the loss is 20 to 40 decibels. Moderate hearing loss, when the loss is 40 to 70 dB. Severe hearing loss when it loses 70 to 90 dB and profound hearing loss when it is more than 90 dB. This pathology greatly affects the student's academic development and interpersonal relationships. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between mild hearing loss and learning in school children aged 6 to 9 years attending language therapies at the National Hospital of Specialties Guayaquil "Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontoon "during the period 2011 - 2012, for this clinical characteristics and personal history related to hearing loss were identified, the influence of the therapies received by the patients was evaluated according to the improvement of interpersonal relationships and academic performance. It was a descriptive study, of feasible project modality, of applied type. Among the main results it was possible to appreciate that only 7.4% of the patients are referred from the school, in addition to verify that through the timely intervention of competent professionals it is possible to improve the social - affective relationships of the patients and their academic performance (learning ). The results of this study have served as a basis to propose a campaign to detect mild hearing loss in schools near the Hospital
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Pérdida auditiva, Aprendizaje, Rendimiento académico, Pediatría, Epidemiología descriptiva, Hospital de Especialidades Guayaquil Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador