Factores de riesgo que condicionan la descomposición metabólica en pacientes diabéticos tipo 2
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2013
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
Se realizo una investigación observacional, descriptiva y transversal; con diseño no experimental para determinar y estratificar los factores de riesgo que condicionaron la descompensación metabólica en pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 ingresados en el Servicio de Endocrinología del Hospital “Teodoro Maldonado Carbo” entre el 1 de enero de 2008 y el 31 diciembre de 2011. Se empleo una muestra representativa para la investigación de 171 hombres (60,6%) y 111 mujeres (39,4%), 82 de los cuales presentaron malnutrición por exceso (29,1%); 120 (42,55%) señalaron más de 10 años de diagnosticados, y 103 (36,52%) entre 1 y 9 años; 234 (82,98%) refirieron insuficientes conocimientos sobre la enfermedad, 225 (79,79%) mala adherencia al modelo terapéutico prescrito; 196 (69,5%) inadecuados controles metabólicos y en 230 (81,6%) ya existe algún tipo de las complicaciones propias de la enfermedad y 153 (54,25%) reciben una insuficiente asistencia médica. Las causas precipitantes de los ingresos fueron infecciosas en 176 pacientes (62,41%), y las infecciones urinarias altas-bajas-mixtas representaron el 28,72% de ellos. Es inferible que la combinación de todos los indicadores negativos señalados, constituyen una insuficiencia de la prestación sanitaria. El fin de este trabajo, el primero en su tipo, en nuestro País, es describir una realidad representativa de las condiciones y la categorización de las mismas en los ingreso hospitalarios; demostrando las falencias del Sistema de atención en esta enfermedad; que conlleva un aumento de ingresos innecesarios; los cuales mediante una propuesta educativa tanto al paciente como a los niveles inferiores de asistencia médica (I y II nivel), como se propone en este trabajo, serían prevenibles, y la clave para lograr a través de esto un ahorro en tiempo y dinero del sistema de salud y lo que es el objetivo de nuestro trabajo diario, una mejor calidad de vida del paciente diabético en nuestro medio
We performed an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, non-experimental design to identify and stratify risk factors that conditioned metabolic decompensation in type 2 diabetic patients admitted to the Department of Endocrinology, Hospital "Teodoro Maldonado Carbo" between January 1 2008 to December 31, 2011. A representative sample was employed for the investigation of 171 men (60.6%) and 111 women (39.4%), 82 of whom had-nourished (29.1%), 120 (42.55%) reported over 10 years of diagnosis, and 103 (36.52%) between 1 and 9 years, 234 (82.98%) reported insufficient knowledge about the disease, 225 (79.79%) poor compliance with prescribed therapeutic model, 196 (69.5%) and inadequate metabolic control in 230 (81.6%) and there is some kind of complications of the disease and 153 (54.25%) received inadequate medical care. The precipitating causes of hospital revenue was infectious in 176 patients (62.41%), and urinary tract infections, low-ventures accounted for 28.72% of them. It is inferable that the combination of all the negative indicators identified, constitute a failure of health provision. The objective of this study, the first on this kind, is to describe a reality of the conditions of hospitalizations on Diabetes in our country and established a categorization of this group. We interpretate the conditions and the falls of the health system on this illnes, that project a hugh number of hospitalisations, that can change with a educational propose to the patient and to the the diferents levels of care on diabetes (level I and II), how in this work we describe, to prevent this situations, and to have a better use of time and money of the health system and the basic objective of our work to improve the quality of live of the diabetic patient on our medical society.
We performed an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, non-experimental design to identify and stratify risk factors that conditioned metabolic decompensation in type 2 diabetic patients admitted to the Department of Endocrinology, Hospital "Teodoro Maldonado Carbo" between January 1 2008 to December 31, 2011. A representative sample was employed for the investigation of 171 men (60.6%) and 111 women (39.4%), 82 of whom had-nourished (29.1%), 120 (42.55%) reported over 10 years of diagnosis, and 103 (36.52%) between 1 and 9 years, 234 (82.98%) reported insufficient knowledge about the disease, 225 (79.79%) poor compliance with prescribed therapeutic model, 196 (69.5%) and inadequate metabolic control in 230 (81.6%) and there is some kind of complications of the disease and 153 (54.25%) received inadequate medical care. The precipitating causes of hospital revenue was infectious in 176 patients (62.41%), and urinary tract infections, low-ventures accounted for 28.72% of them. It is inferable that the combination of all the negative indicators identified, constitute a failure of health provision. The objective of this study, the first on this kind, is to describe a reality of the conditions of hospitalizations on Diabetes in our country and established a categorization of this group. We interpretate the conditions and the falls of the health system on this illnes, that project a hugh number of hospitalisations, that can change with a educational propose to the patient and to the the diferents levels of care on diabetes (level I and II), how in this work we describe, to prevent this situations, and to have a better use of time and money of the health system and the basic objective of our work to improve the quality of live of the diabetic patient on our medical society.
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DIABETES MELLITUS NO INSULINO DEPENDIENTE, FACTORES DE RIESGO, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, HOSPITAL DE ESPECIALIDADES DR. TEODORO MALDONADO CARBO, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR