Relación entre el valor de la IGE total e IGE específicas en pacientes con diagnóstico de urticaria, Servicio de Dermatología y Alergia Hospital Regional IESS Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo 2009 - 2010
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2010
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
La Urticaria es una enfermedad dermatológica frecuente caracterizada por la presencia de ronchas o placas eritemato-edematosa, transitorias de diferente tamaño. Se clasifica de acuerdo con el tiempo de evolución, en aguda o crónica. Se calcula que esta afecta al 20% de la población a escala mundial. Diversos estudios recientes en este campo han contribuido considerablemente al entendimiento de la patogenia de la misma. Las estrategias de manejo incluyen medidas no farmacológicas y medicamentos. Se revisa la relación entre el valor de la inmunoglobulina E total (IgE total) e inmunoglobulinas E especificas (IgE específicas) a ciertos alergenos (inhalados y alimentos), en pacientes con diagnóstico de Urticaria, en el Servicio de Dermatología y Alergia del Hospital Regional del Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social (IESS) “Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo”. Para ello se realizo una investigación de tipo descriptivo correlacional de diseño no experimental transversal. Los resultados del presente trabajo indicaron que existe una débil relación entre el valor de la IgE total y la urticaria pero no entre las IgE específicas y la Urticaria. A su vez, existe una mayor concordancia entre la IgE total y la Urticaria crónica y una aun menor entre la IgE total y la Urticaria aguda; por lo tanto no sería relevante el solicitar IgE total a todos los pacientes que la presenten, pues su utilidad de acuerdo a este estudio es limitada. Por otra parte no existe vínculo entre las IgE específicas y la Urticaria aguda, ni hay concordancia entre la IgE específicas y la Urticaria crónica; por lo que se concluye que no debe solicitarse IgE específicas a pacientes que presenten esta patologia. A su vez se realizo la correlación entre la IgE total y la IgE específica determinándose que no hay relación entre ellas, evidenciándose nuevamente que una IgE total elevada no orienta a solicitar IgE especificas. Los resultados obtenidos sirven para establecer la baja utilidad de las IgE total y las IgE específicas como pruebas diagnostica
Urticaria is a common skin disease characterized by the presence of transient different sized wheals or erythematous edematous plaques. It is classified according to the time of evolution in acute or chronic. It is estimated that it affects 20% of the population worldwide. Several recent studies in this field have contributed significantly to the understanding of the pathogenesis itself. Management strategies include medications and non-pharmacologic measures. The relationship between the value of total immunoglobulin E (IgE total) and specific immunoglobulin E (IgE specific) to certain allergens (inhaled and/or food) in patients diagnosed with Urticaria has been studied at the “Department of Dermatology and Allergy” of the Regional Hospital: "Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo" (The Institution forms part of the Social Health Care Institute (IESS) Network). To accomplish the objective, a descriptive correlational type research of non-experimental transversal design was conducted. The results of this study indicated a weak relationship between the value of total IgE and Urticaria, but not between specific IgE and Urticaria. Furthermore, there is a greater correlation between total IgE and chronic Urticaria and an even smaller one between total IgE and acute Urticaria. Therefore, it would not be relevant to ask for a total IgE in all patients who present it, since its utility according to this study is limited. On the other hand, there is no link between specific IgE and acute Urticaria, and there is no correlation between specific IgE and chronic Urticaria as well. Thus, it was concluded that no specific IgE should be requested to patients with this pathology. At the same time, a correlation between total IgE and specific IgE determined that there is no relationship between them, showing again that a high total IgE does not lead us to ask for a specific IgE. The obtained results established the low relevance of total IgE and specific IgE as diagnostic tests.
Urticaria is a common skin disease characterized by the presence of transient different sized wheals or erythematous edematous plaques. It is classified according to the time of evolution in acute or chronic. It is estimated that it affects 20% of the population worldwide. Several recent studies in this field have contributed significantly to the understanding of the pathogenesis itself. Management strategies include medications and non-pharmacologic measures. The relationship between the value of total immunoglobulin E (IgE total) and specific immunoglobulin E (IgE specific) to certain allergens (inhaled and/or food) in patients diagnosed with Urticaria has been studied at the “Department of Dermatology and Allergy” of the Regional Hospital: "Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo" (The Institution forms part of the Social Health Care Institute (IESS) Network). To accomplish the objective, a descriptive correlational type research of non-experimental transversal design was conducted. The results of this study indicated a weak relationship between the value of total IgE and Urticaria, but not between specific IgE and Urticaria. Furthermore, there is a greater correlation between total IgE and chronic Urticaria and an even smaller one between total IgE and acute Urticaria. Therefore, it would not be relevant to ask for a total IgE in all patients who present it, since its utility according to this study is limited. On the other hand, there is no link between specific IgE and acute Urticaria, and there is no correlation between specific IgE and chronic Urticaria as well. Thus, it was concluded that no specific IgE should be requested to patients with this pathology. At the same time, a correlation between total IgE and specific IgE determined that there is no relationship between them, showing again that a high total IgE does not lead us to ask for a specific IgE. The obtained results established the low relevance of total IgE and specific IgE as diagnostic tests.
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Urticaria, IGE, Epidemiología descriptiva, Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador