Diagnóstico por resonancia magnética en pacientes con discopatia degenerativa de columna lumbar Clínica Panamericana 2010 - 2011
Fecha
2013
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
El avance tecnológico de los últimos años ha sido el pilar fundamental para el surgir de la Imagenología, acorde a esto, la disponibilidad de Resonadores Magnéticos (RM) de alta potencia, como el que posee la Clínica Panamericana, de la ciudad de Guayaquil, ha permitido aumentar la especificidad y sensibilidad en el diagnóstico de diversas patologías como en la discopatía degenerativa de la columna lumbar (DDL). Los objetivos de la presente investigación incluyeron: Registrar y clasificar a los pacientes con lumbalgia a los que se realizó RM de la columna lumbar en la Clínica Panamericana, determinar los criterios imagenológicos de la DDL mediante RM, establecer las características sociodemográficas de los pacientes afectados, establecer la prevalencia de pacientes con DDL, analizar todos los datos recopilados y elaborar el informe final de los resultados. La metodología a utilizar en nuestro estudio, es de tipo exploratorio, descriptivo, de diseño no experimental, retrospectivo. La muestra de personas con lumbalgia que se sometieron a exploración mediante RM de columna lumbar fue de 100, seleccionados al azar. En todos los casos el consentimiento informado fue otorgado y el análisis de los resultados se realizó mediante hojas de Excel y el programa analítico SPSS V20. En los resultados, se encontró datos positivos para DDL en 83 de 100 pacientes (83%). La hipointensidad y el abombamiento del disco fueron los hallazgos más frecuentes en pacientes sintomáticos (78=93.9% y 73=87.9% respectivamente). En 29 pacientes (34.9%) se encontró múltiples niveles de lesión, más frecuente en los dos últimos discos intervertebrales (L4-L5 y L5-S1). El sobrepeso y la actividad laboral moderada se correlacionaron con la prevalencia de hallazgos anormales mediante resonancia magnética. Como conclusión observamos, que en nuestro medio, la prevalencia de discopatía degenerativa lumbar, es alta en los adultos jóvenes. El sobrepeso y la actividad laboral moderada, se relacionan con la prevalencia de anomalías observadas por resonancia magnética en los pacientes sintomáticos.
Technological advances in recent years has been the mainstay for the arise from the imaging, according to this, the availability of Magnetic Resonators (RM) high power, such as the Pan Clinic has, in the city of Guayaquil, has possible to increase the specificity and sensitivity in the diagnosis of various diseases such as degenerative disc disease of the lumbar spine (DDL). The objectives of this research included: Recording and classifying patients with low back pain who underwent a MRI of the lumbar spine in Pan Clinic; determine the DDL imaging criteria, establish the sociodemographic characteristics of the patients concerned, establish the prevalence of patients with DDL, analyze all data collected and preparing the final report of the results. The methodology used in our study is exploratory, descriptive, non-experimental, retrospective. The sample of people with low back pain who underwent MRI examination of the lumbar spine was 100 randomly selected. In all cases, informed consent was given and an analysis of the results was performed using Excel spreadsheets and the analytical program SPSS V20. In the results, it was found positive for DDL data by MRI in 83 of 100 patients (83%). The hypointense bulging disc and were the most frequent findings in symptomatic patients (78 = 73 = 93.9% and 87.9% respectively). In 29 patients (34.9%) was found multiple levels of injury is more common in the last two intervertebral discs (L4-L5 and L5-S1). Overweight and moderate work activity correlated with the prevalence of abnormal magnetic resonance imaging findings. In conclusion we note that in our setting, the prevalence of lumbar degenerative disc disease is high in young adults. Overweight and moderate work activity, are related to the prevalence of anomalies detected by MRI in symptomatic patients.
Technological advances in recent years has been the mainstay for the arise from the imaging, according to this, the availability of Magnetic Resonators (RM) high power, such as the Pan Clinic has, in the city of Guayaquil, has possible to increase the specificity and sensitivity in the diagnosis of various diseases such as degenerative disc disease of the lumbar spine (DDL). The objectives of this research included: Recording and classifying patients with low back pain who underwent a MRI of the lumbar spine in Pan Clinic; determine the DDL imaging criteria, establish the sociodemographic characteristics of the patients concerned, establish the prevalence of patients with DDL, analyze all data collected and preparing the final report of the results. The methodology used in our study is exploratory, descriptive, non-experimental, retrospective. The sample of people with low back pain who underwent MRI examination of the lumbar spine was 100 randomly selected. In all cases, informed consent was given and an analysis of the results was performed using Excel spreadsheets and the analytical program SPSS V20. In the results, it was found positive for DDL data by MRI in 83 of 100 patients (83%). The hypointense bulging disc and were the most frequent findings in symptomatic patients (78 = 73 = 93.9% and 87.9% respectively). In 29 patients (34.9%) was found multiple levels of injury is more common in the last two intervertebral discs (L4-L5 and L5-S1). Overweight and moderate work activity correlated with the prevalence of abnormal magnetic resonance imaging findings. In conclusion we note that in our setting, the prevalence of lumbar degenerative disc disease is high in young adults. Overweight and moderate work activity, are related to the prevalence of anomalies detected by MRI in symptomatic patients.
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Columna lumbar, Sobrepeso, Actividad laboral, Clínica Panamericana, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Espectroscopía de resonancia magnética, Discopatía degenerativa, Diagnóstico por imagen