Comorbilidades asociadas a la fragilidad en pacientes adultos mayores con diagnóstico oncohematológico
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2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
Los pacientes adultos mayores, desarrollan complicaciones frente a procedimientos o tratamientos oncológicos. El objetivo general es determinar las comorbilidades asociadas a la fragilidad en pacientes adultos mayores con diagnóstico oncohematológico atendidos en el Instituto Oncológico Nacional” Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo”, SOLCA de Guayaquil entre mayo 2016 a febrero de 2017. Se realizó un estudio de Diseño no experimental, tipo transversal, analítico. La mediana de edad 71 años con un rango intercuartil (RIQ) 68 a 78 años de edad, con 70% pacientes de sexo femenino(c=14) y 30% pacientes masculinos(c=9). El principal diagnóstico oncohematológico es Linfoma no Hodgkin, seguido de Mieloma Múltiple, Síndrome Mielodisplásico, Linfoma Hodgkin, Leucemia linfoide crónica y Leucemia mieloide crónica. El Índice Karnofsky entre 80 a 100, 52% pacientes(c=12) y un índice de Karnofsky de 50 a 70, el 48% pacientes(c=11). Según la comorbilidad 30% pacientes(c=7) tuvieron entre 0 a 1 comorbilidad, 70% pacientes presentaron(c=16) 2 o más comorbilidades. El 53% pacientes(c=12) presentaron 0 a 2 factor de fragilidad y 47 % pacientes presentan(c=11) 3 o más factores de fragilidad. Existe una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la evaluación funcional de Karnofsky y la fragilidad y no fragilidad del paciente X2 [1]= 5,490 chi cuadrado de Pearson, p <0,019. No existe una correlación lineal estadísticamente significativa entre la comorbilidad y la fragilidad, según el estadístico de Rho de Spearman, con una p > 0,782. Conclusiones: No existe correlación lineal entre la comorbilidad y fragilidad. El paciente puede tener comorbilidades y ser apto para tratamiento oncológico específico, sin presentar criterios de fragilidad.
Elderly patients develop complications in the face of oncological procedures or treatments. The general objective is to determine the comorbidities associated with frailty in elderly patients with oncohematological diagnosis treated at the National Cancer Institute "Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo", SOLCA of Guayaquil between May 2016 and February 2017. A non-design study was carried out experimental, transversal type, analytical. The median age was 71 years with an interquartile range (RIQ) 68 to 78 years of age, with 70% female patients (c = 14) and 30% male patients (c = 9). The main oncohematological diagnosis is Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma, followed by Multiple Myeloma, Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Chronic Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. The Karnofsky Index between 80 to 100, 52% patients (c = 12) and a Karnofsky index of 50 to 70, 48% patients (c = 11). According to comorbidity, 30% patients (c = 7) had between 0 to 1 comorbidity, 70% patients presented (c = 16) 2 or more comorbidities. 53% patients (c = 12) presented 0 to 2 frailty factor and 47% patients presented (c = 11) 3 or more frailty factors. There is a statistically significant association between the functional evaluation of Karnofsky and the fragility and non-fragility of patient X2 [1] = 5.490 chi square Pearson, p <0.019. There is no statistically significant linear correlation between comorbidity and frailty, according to Spearman's Rho statistic, with p> 0.782. Conclusions: There is no linear correlation between comorbidity and frailty. The patient may have comorbidities and be suitable for specific oncological treatment, without presenting criteria of frailty.
Elderly patients develop complications in the face of oncological procedures or treatments. The general objective is to determine the comorbidities associated with frailty in elderly patients with oncohematological diagnosis treated at the National Cancer Institute "Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo", SOLCA of Guayaquil between May 2016 and February 2017. A non-design study was carried out experimental, transversal type, analytical. The median age was 71 years with an interquartile range (RIQ) 68 to 78 years of age, with 70% female patients (c = 14) and 30% male patients (c = 9). The main oncohematological diagnosis is Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma, followed by Multiple Myeloma, Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Chronic Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. The Karnofsky Index between 80 to 100, 52% patients (c = 12) and a Karnofsky index of 50 to 70, 48% patients (c = 11). According to comorbidity, 30% patients (c = 7) had between 0 to 1 comorbidity, 70% patients presented (c = 16) 2 or more comorbidities. 53% patients (c = 12) presented 0 to 2 frailty factor and 47% patients presented (c = 11) 3 or more frailty factors. There is a statistically significant association between the functional evaluation of Karnofsky and the fragility and non-fragility of patient X2 [1] = 5.490 chi square Pearson, p <0.019. There is no statistically significant linear correlation between comorbidity and frailty, according to Spearman's Rho statistic, with p> 0.782. Conclusions: There is no linear correlation between comorbidity and frailty. The patient may have comorbidities and be suitable for specific oncological treatment, without presenting criteria of frailty.
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COMORBILIDAD, ADULTO MAYOR, ONCOLOGIA MEDICA, NEOPLASMA, EPIDEMIOLOGIA ANALITICA, HOSPITAL SOLCA DE GUAYAQUIL, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR