Estudio del nivel de conocimiento sobre actividad física en pacientes con riesgo cardiovascular
Fecha
2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
Antecedentes: La falta de actividad física es un problema de Salud Pública,
que se lo atribuye como un factor independiente en el riesgo de enfermedad
cardiovascular, el riesgo relativo del sedentarismo es similar al de la hipersión
arterial, tabaquismo e hipercolesterolemia. La práctica regular de actividad física
a una intensidad ligera/moderada induce a una serie de adaptaciones que producen
grandes beneficios para la salud, como por ejemplo: ayuda a mejorar el control de
la glicemia, reduce o ayuda a prevenir la hipertensión arterial, la obesidad y el
stress. El objetivo básico es determinar el nivel de conocimiento sobre actividad
fisica en los pacientes con riesgo cardiovascular. Los métodos utilizados en la
presente investigación fueron descriptivos (longitudinales), no experimentales,
retrospectivos.
Se aplicó encuesta a los pacientes para valorar el grado de conocimientos
acerca de los beneficios de la acividad física aeróbica el cual nos indicó que 84%
conocían y el 16% no y que solo el 15% de pacientes dedican tiempo a efectuar
alguna actividad física. Es importante indicar que el 100% está conciente que
realizar algún tipo de actividad física ayuda a disminuir la enfermedades
cardiovasculares y solo el 33% sigue un plan de alimentación saludable.
El 68% de la población estudiada es representada por el sexo maculino y el
32% femenino, y el mayor grupo etario es el comprendido entre 50 y 80 años de
edad. La propuesta tiene su principal objetivo elaborar un plan de accion sobre
Actividad Física Aeróbica como Modelo de Prevención primaria en
pacientes con factores de riesgo cardiovascular para de esta manera ayudar a
este tipo de pacientes.
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Background: The lack of physical activity is a Public Health problem, which is attributed as an independent factor in the risk of cardiovascular disease, the relative risk of sedentary lifestyle is similar to that of arterial hypersensitivity, smoking and hypercholesterolemia. The regular practice of physical activity at a light / moderate intensity induces a series of adaptations that produce great health benefits, such as: it helps to improve glycemic control, reduces or helps prevent hypertension, obesity And stress. The basic objective is to determine the level of knowledge about physical activity in patients with cardiovascular risk. The methods used in the present investigation were descriptive (longitudinal), non experimental, retrospective. Patients were surveyed to assess the degree of knowledge about the benefits of aerobic physical activity, which indicated that 84% knew about it and 16% did not, and that only 15% of patients spent time doing physical activity. It is important to note that 100% are aware that performing some kind of physical activity helps to decrease cardiovascular disease and only 33% follow a healthy eating plan. 68% of the population studied is represented by the Maculino sex and 32% female, and the largest age group is between 50 and 80 years of age. The main objective of the proposal is to develop a plan of action on Aerobic Physical Activity as a Primary Prevention Model in patients with cardiovascular risk factors in order to help this type of patients.
Background: The lack of physical activity is a Public Health problem, which is attributed as an independent factor in the risk of cardiovascular disease, the relative risk of sedentary lifestyle is similar to that of arterial hypersensitivity, smoking and hypercholesterolemia. The regular practice of physical activity at a light / moderate intensity induces a series of adaptations that produce great health benefits, such as: it helps to improve glycemic control, reduces or helps prevent hypertension, obesity And stress. The basic objective is to determine the level of knowledge about physical activity in patients with cardiovascular risk. The methods used in the present investigation were descriptive (longitudinal), non experimental, retrospective. Patients were surveyed to assess the degree of knowledge about the benefits of aerobic physical activity, which indicated that 84% knew about it and 16% did not, and that only 15% of patients spent time doing physical activity. It is important to note that 100% are aware that performing some kind of physical activity helps to decrease cardiovascular disease and only 33% follow a healthy eating plan. 68% of the population studied is represented by the Maculino sex and 32% female, and the largest age group is between 50 and 80 years of age. The main objective of the proposal is to develop a plan of action on Aerobic Physical Activity as a Primary Prevention Model in patients with cardiovascular risk factors in order to help this type of patients.
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Palabras clave
Actividad motora, Factores de riesgo, Hipertensión, Clínica Guayaquil, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador