Complicaciones de pacientes con infecciones post-quirúrgicas con patógenos resistentes a los antibióticos
Fecha
2019
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
Introducción: Con las mejoras en las técnicas de la Asepsia- Antisepsia, la incidencia de las infecciones post-quirúrgicas ha disminuido, pero lo más preocupante es que cada vez surgen más bacterias resistentes a los antibióticos, que sin duda constituye un grave problema sanitario. Este trabajo da a conocer la incidencia de las infecciones post-quirúrgicas por gérmenes resistentes a los antibióticos. Objetivo: Determinar las complicaciones más frecuentes en infecciones postoperatorias con bacterias resistentes a los antibióticos. Metodología: El presente estudio tiene un enfoque cuantitativo, de naturaleza descriptiva no experimental, de corte transversal, y tipo observacional y retrospectivo que fue realizado en Hospital de especialidades Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón
Resultados: De los 6720 pacientes intervenidos, el 2.75% presentó complicaciones postquirúrgicas por bacterias resistentes, en cuanto al tipo de complicaciones causadas por microorganismos resistentes, la infección de herida quirúrgica se presentó en 40% de los pacientes, la peritonitis se presentó en el 26,49%, en el 13.51% se presentaron abscesos intraabdominales, en el 11,89% se presentaron abscesos viscerales y en un 8% de pacientes se produjo shock séptico.
Conclusiones: De un total de 6720 pacientes intervenidos en los periodos 20152016, 185 pacientes atendidos presentaron complicaciones por infecciones post operatorias con patógenos resistentes es decir un 2.75% por lo tanto incidencia sobre estas complicaciones es muy baja. En cuanto a las complicaciones producidas por estos patógenos tenemos que la más común fue la infección de herida quirúrgica con el 40%, mientras que la menos común con un 8,11% fue el shock séptico.
Recomendaciones: realizar una historia clínica extensa, recolectar información acerca de su historial antibiótico, cumplir las normas de sepsia y antisepsia, y de esta forma disminuir al máximo las probabilidades de infecciones durante las cirugías.
Introduction: Despite all the improvements in sepsis-antisepsis techniques we have decreased the incidence of post-surgery complications, however this are far from dissapearing. The most dramatic scenario is that as time passes by, new bacterias with antibiotic resistances are appearing, which without a doubt they are world health issues. This study shows the incidence of post-surgery complications with bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Objective: To determine the most frequent complications in post-surgical infections with bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Methodology: The present study has a quantitative, non-experimental descriptive, cross-sectional and observational and retrospective type, was realized out in Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón specialty hospital. Results: From a total of 6720 patients intervened, 2.75% presented post-surgery complications due to resistant bacterias, in which the main complication by resistent microorganism was infected wound presented in 40% of the patients, peritonitis in 26.49%, 13.51% intraabdominal abscess and finally 11.89% presented visceral abscess, only 8.11% of those patients developed septic shock. Conclusion: From a total of 6720 patients intervened in the lapse of 2015-2016, 185 patients presented complications due to resistant bacterias, represented by 2.75%, meaning a very low incidence. The most common of this complications was infected wound with 40% of the cases and the most uncommon complication was septic shock with just 8.11%. Recommendations: We made an extensive clinical history, collect information of the patience antibiotic history, selected the standards of sepsis and antisepsis, and thus minimize the appearance of infections during surgeries
Introduction: Despite all the improvements in sepsis-antisepsis techniques we have decreased the incidence of post-surgery complications, however this are far from dissapearing. The most dramatic scenario is that as time passes by, new bacterias with antibiotic resistances are appearing, which without a doubt they are world health issues. This study shows the incidence of post-surgery complications with bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Objective: To determine the most frequent complications in post-surgical infections with bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Methodology: The present study has a quantitative, non-experimental descriptive, cross-sectional and observational and retrospective type, was realized out in Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón specialty hospital. Results: From a total of 6720 patients intervened, 2.75% presented post-surgery complications due to resistant bacterias, in which the main complication by resistent microorganism was infected wound presented in 40% of the patients, peritonitis in 26.49%, 13.51% intraabdominal abscess and finally 11.89% presented visceral abscess, only 8.11% of those patients developed septic shock. Conclusion: From a total of 6720 patients intervened in the lapse of 2015-2016, 185 patients presented complications due to resistant bacterias, represented by 2.75%, meaning a very low incidence. The most common of this complications was infected wound with 40% of the cases and the most uncommon complication was septic shock with just 8.11%. Recommendations: We made an extensive clinical history, collect information of the patience antibiotic history, selected the standards of sepsis and antisepsis, and thus minimize the appearance of infections during surgeries
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Infección de la herida quirúrgica, Farmacorresistencia bacteriana, Bacterias, Epidemiología descriptiva, Estudios retrospectivos, Hospital de Especialidades Guayaquil Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Complicaciones posoperatorias