Correlación citológica, colposcópica y genotípica en pacientes con lesión intraepitelial de bajo grado
Fecha
2018
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
Las lesiones intraepiteliales de bajo grado son cambios morfológicos anormales en la superficie del epitelio escamoso del cérvix. El objetivo de la presente investigación es correlacionar los hallazgos citológicos, colposcópicos y genotípicos de las pacientes con lesión intraepitelial de bajo grado. Para ello se realizó un estudio de tipo: Descriptivo, correlacional, retrospectivo, de corte transversal en el hospital de la mujer Alfredo G. Paulson, en el período Junio 2016 a Junio 2017 en mujeres atendidas en el servicio de Coloposcopía en consulta externa. Para la obtención de la muestra se aplicó fórmula para poblaciones finitas evaluándose variables como: Edad, hallazgos citológicos, hallazgos patológicos y citogenéticos. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que la edad promedio de las pacientes con LIE de bajo grado fue de (35,07) años, las lesiones identificadas por citología fue del 74 % y por colposcopía en un 82 %. Las pruebas de genotipo demostraron negatividad en un 44 % de casos siendo las cepas VPH AR diferentes a 16 y 18 las de mayor incidencia con un 28 %, seguidos de cepa 16 24 casos, cepa 18 4 casos. Se aplicó prueba de Chi cuadrado obteniéndose un grado de correlación con un p valor de .000 aceptándose la hipótesis afirmativa que sostiene si existe relación entre las variables de estudio. En conclusión la prueba de citología es el estándar de oro para el tamizaje de patología cervical tanto por su sensibilidad y especificidad. Sin embargo colposcopía y test de Cobas de Roche pueden resultar útiles en el abordaje de pacientes con factores de riesgo para desarrollar lesiones de alto riesgo.
Low-grade intraepithelial lesions are abnormal morphological changes on the surface of the squamous epithelium of the cervix. The objective of the present investigation is to correlate the cytological, colposcopic and genotypic findings of patients with low grade intraepithelial lesion. To this end, a descriptive, correlational, retrospective, crosssectional study was carried out in the Alfredo G. Paulson women's hospital, from June 2016 to June 2017 in women seen in the outpatient service of Coloposcopy. To obtain the sample, a formula was applied for finite populations, evaluating variables such as: Age, cytological findings, pathological and cytogenetic findings. The results obtained show that the average age of patients with low-grade IEL was of (35,07) years, the lesions identified by cytology was 74% and by colposcopy by 82%. The genotype tests showed negativity in 44% of cases with HPV HPV strains different from 16 and 18 with the highest incidence with 28%, followed by strain 16 24 cases, strain 18 4 cases. A Chisquare test was applied, obtaining a degree of correlation with a p value of .000, accepting the affirmative hypothesis that holds if there is a relationship between the study variables. In conclusion, the cytology test is the gold standard for cervical pathology screening due to its sensitivity and specificity. However colposcopy and Roche's Cobas test may be useful in approaching patients with risk factors to develop high-risk lesions.
Low-grade intraepithelial lesions are abnormal morphological changes on the surface of the squamous epithelium of the cervix. The objective of the present investigation is to correlate the cytological, colposcopic and genotypic findings of patients with low grade intraepithelial lesion. To this end, a descriptive, correlational, retrospective, crosssectional study was carried out in the Alfredo G. Paulson women's hospital, from June 2016 to June 2017 in women seen in the outpatient service of Coloposcopy. To obtain the sample, a formula was applied for finite populations, evaluating variables such as: Age, cytological findings, pathological and cytogenetic findings. The results obtained show that the average age of patients with low-grade IEL was of (35,07) years, the lesions identified by cytology was 74% and by colposcopy by 82%. The genotype tests showed negativity in 44% of cases with HPV HPV strains different from 16 and 18 with the highest incidence with 28%, followed by strain 16 24 cases, strain 18 4 cases. A Chisquare test was applied, obtaining a degree of correlation with a p value of .000, accepting the affirmative hypothesis that holds if there is a relationship between the study variables. In conclusion, the cytology test is the gold standard for cervical pathology screening due to its sensitivity and specificity. However colposcopy and Roche's Cobas test may be useful in approaching patients with risk factors to develop high-risk lesions.
Descripción
PDF
Palabras clave
Biología celular, Colposcopía, Lesiones intraepiteliales de bajo grado, Cuello uterino, Hospital de la Mujer Alfredo G. Paulson, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador