Manual práctico y beneficios de la equinoterapia dirigido a padres - niños con inmovilidad motriz Centro de Equinoterapia de la Prefectura del Guayas. Estudio a realizar con: niños de inmovilidad motriz de 2 a 13 años, en el Centro de Equinoterapia de la Prefectura del Guayas, durante el período del mes de junio hasta febrero del 2013
Fecha
2013
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
La prevalencia global de inmovilidad motora se sitúa aproximadamente entre un 2 y 3 por cada 1000 nacidos vivos, y en Ecuador demuestran que, el 70% (prenatal); 20% (perinatal) y el 10% (postnatal), por esas razones en el centro de equinoterapia de la Prefectura del Guayas se desarrolla esta incansable labor con aquellos niños con esta patología el área tiene un espacio en el cual se implementan procesos para mejorar el estado psicomotor y cognitivo. Y los porcentajes en el centro de equinoterapia de la Prefectura del Guayas son altos en los niños con inmovilidad motriz del sexo masculino en un 30% y una hipertonía del 10% en una fase de pre-rehabilitación y un 6% post-rehabilitación. Lo que si tenemos que tener en cuenta es el concepto de equinoterapia es un tratamiento kinésico que utiliza al caballo como instrumento de rehabilitación física, mental y emocional. Consiste en aprovechar los movimientos multidimensionales del caballo para estimular los músculos y articulaciones del paciente. La Inmovilidad Motriz, es una lesión o malformación no evolutiva del Sistema Nervioso Central caracterizado fundamentalmente por el desorden persistente de movimientos y postura. Generalmente va acompañada de diferente déficit asociados de diversa complejidad, como déficit mental, epilepsia, alteraciones psicológicas, alteraciones del habla y lenguaje, deficiencias visuales, auditivas y evidentemente, alteraciones motoras significativas que afectan el desarrollo integral. Según sea la parte afectada del cuerpo podemos distinguir entre: Monoplejia; Hemiplejia; Doble hemiplejia; Cuadriplejia; Tetraplejia; Paraplejia. Con los beneficios de equinoterapia y la ayuda perseverante de los padres que han logrado obtener una mejoría notoria en el trascurso de estos meses y han subido los porcentajes de gente que conoce acerca de la terapia que es innovadora y tiene mucho futuro y campo de trabajo. Los beneficios de la equinoterapia han dado a los niños una relajación, han corregido su control motor y control de tronco, también tienen una mejora en su coordinación en miembros superiores e inferiores, y en los cuales trabajan con rompecabezas, pinzas y ula-ula incentivando la pinza fina y gruesa que estaba afectada. La metodología utilizada estaba dada por el apoyo bibliográfico, documental, electrónico, y con la investigación explicativa, descriptiva y experimental, se utilizo la técnica de la encuesta cuyo instrumento fue un cuestionario Likert, juicio de expertos y control por el director y tutor.
The global prevalence of motor immobility is approximately between 2 and 3 per 1000 live births, and in Ecuador they show that 70% (prenatal); 20% (perinatal) and 10% (postnatal), for these reasons in the center of equinotherapy of the Prefecture of Guayas develops this tireless work with those children with this pathology the area has a space in which processes are implemented to improve the psychomotor and cognitive state. And the percentages in the center of equinotherapy of the Prefecture of Guayas are high in children with motor immobility of the male sex in 30% and hypertonia of 10% in a pre-rehabilitation phase and 6% post-rehabilitation. What we have to take into account is the concept of equine therapy is a kinesic treatment that uses the horse as an instrument of physical, mental and emotional rehabilitation. It consists of taking advantage of the multidimensional movements of the horse to stimulate the muscles and joints of the patient. Motor Immobility is a non-evolving lesion or malformation of the Central Nervous System characterized mainly by the persistent disorder of movements and posture. It is usually accompanied by different associated deficits of diverse complexity, such as mental deficit, epilepsy, psychological alterations, speech and language alterations, visual and auditory deficiencies, and evidently, significant motor alterations that affect the integral development. According to the affected part of the body we can distinguish between: Monoplejia; Hemiplegia; Double hemiplegia; Quadriplegia; Tetraplegia; Paraplegia. With the benefits of equine therapy and the perseverant help of parents who have managed to obtain a noticeable improvement in the course of these months and have increased the percentages of people who know about therapy that is innovative and has a great future and field of work. The benefits of equine therapy have given children a relaxation, they have corrected their motor control and trunk control, they also have an improvement in their coordination in upper and lower limbs, and in which they work with puzzles, tweezers and ula-ula encouraging the thin and thick clamp that was affected. The methodology used was given by the bibliographic, documentary, electronic support, and with the explanatory, descriptive and experimental research, the survey technique was used whose instrument was a Likert questionnaire, expert judgment and control by the director and tutor.
The global prevalence of motor immobility is approximately between 2 and 3 per 1000 live births, and in Ecuador they show that 70% (prenatal); 20% (perinatal) and 10% (postnatal), for these reasons in the center of equinotherapy of the Prefecture of Guayas develops this tireless work with those children with this pathology the area has a space in which processes are implemented to improve the psychomotor and cognitive state. And the percentages in the center of equinotherapy of the Prefecture of Guayas are high in children with motor immobility of the male sex in 30% and hypertonia of 10% in a pre-rehabilitation phase and 6% post-rehabilitation. What we have to take into account is the concept of equine therapy is a kinesic treatment that uses the horse as an instrument of physical, mental and emotional rehabilitation. It consists of taking advantage of the multidimensional movements of the horse to stimulate the muscles and joints of the patient. Motor Immobility is a non-evolving lesion or malformation of the Central Nervous System characterized mainly by the persistent disorder of movements and posture. It is usually accompanied by different associated deficits of diverse complexity, such as mental deficit, epilepsy, psychological alterations, speech and language alterations, visual and auditory deficiencies, and evidently, significant motor alterations that affect the integral development. According to the affected part of the body we can distinguish between: Monoplejia; Hemiplegia; Double hemiplegia; Quadriplegia; Tetraplegia; Paraplegia. With the benefits of equine therapy and the perseverant help of parents who have managed to obtain a noticeable improvement in the course of these months and have increased the percentages of people who know about therapy that is innovative and has a great future and field of work. The benefits of equine therapy have given children a relaxation, they have corrected their motor control and trunk control, they also have an improvement in their coordination in upper and lower limbs, and in which they work with puzzles, tweezers and ula-ula encouraging the thin and thick clamp that was affected. The methodology used was given by the bibliographic, documentary, electronic support, and with the explanatory, descriptive and experimental research, the survey technique was used whose instrument was a Likert questionnaire, expert judgment and control by the director and tutor.
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Manuales de salud, Pediatría, Inmovilidad motora, Terapia asistida por caballos, Padres de familia, Epidemiología descriptiva, Prefectura del Guayas. Centro Integral de Equinoterapia, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Niños con discapacidad