Determinar plan nutricional en diabetes mellitus tipo 2 infantil y diseñar una guía didáctica alimentaria
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2014
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
La diabetes es una de las enfermedades crónicas más frecuentes a nivel mundial, en el pasado la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 era diagnosticada mayormente en adultos, actualmente esta enfermedad afecta más en niños y adolescentes, debido al incremento de sobrepeso y obesidad que hay en el país, esto ha representado un problema en la salud pública y en la infancia, con consecuencias potencialmente graves. En el Departamento de Diabetes Care del Laboratorio Roche se atienden aproximadamente a 65 personas por mes en la que el 40% de la población son niños; a pesar de que la enfermedad no tiene cura puede ser tratada mediante cuatro pilares fundamentales (alimentación, actividad física, autocontrol, medicamentos) que forman parte dentro del tratamiento en la diabetes, lo que este trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo, es determinar plan nutricional en diabetes mellitus tipo 2 infantil y diseñar guía didáctica alimentaria año 2013 – 2014, teniendo como propuesta la creación de una guía didáctica alimentaria. La muestra estuvo conformada por 138 pacientes, la cual se aplicó un instrumento de recolección de datos (recordatorio de 24 horas, anamnesis alimentaria, etc.), la cual permitió recoger datos acerca de la forma como se alimentan, antecedentes personales, familiares. Así como datos antropométricos (peso, talla, IMC) siendo de tipo longitudinal se trabajó en el mes de septiembre a enero. El estudio revelo que el 51% de los pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 infantil se encuentran en los niños lo cual se realizó una guía didáctica alimentaria, en la cual consta de recomendaciones, semáforo de alimentos, las porciones correctas que se debe consumir, conjunto con actividad física como propuesta de la investigación, llegando a resultados esperados en la aceptación de charlas, talleres y sobretodo en el control de glicemia de parte de los padres.
Diabetes is one of the most frequent chronic diseases worldwide, in the past type 2 diabetes mellitus was diagnosed mostly in adults, currently this disease affects more in children and adolescents, due to the increase in overweight and obesity in the country This has represented a problem in public health and in childhood, with potentially serious consequences. In the Diabetes Care Department of the Roche Laboratory approximately 65 people are attended per month in which 40% of the population are children; Although the disease has no cure can be treated by four fundamental pillars (food, physical activity, self-control, drugs) that are part of the treatment in diabetes, what this research has as objective, is to determine nutritional plan in type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and design a didactic food guide for 2013 - 2014, with the proposal of creating a didactic food guide. The sample consisted of 138 patients, which was applied a data collection instrument (24-hour reminder, food history, etc.), which allowed collecting data about the way they eat, personal history, family. As well as anthropometric data (weight, height, BMI) being of longitudinal type was worked in the month of September to January. The study revealed that 51% of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in children are found in children, which was a didactic food guide, which consists of recommendations, food semaphore, the correct portions to be consumed, set with physical activity as a research proposal, reaching expected results in the acceptance of talks, workshops and especially in the control of glycemia by parents.
Diabetes is one of the most frequent chronic diseases worldwide, in the past type 2 diabetes mellitus was diagnosed mostly in adults, currently this disease affects more in children and adolescents, due to the increase in overweight and obesity in the country This has represented a problem in public health and in childhood, with potentially serious consequences. In the Diabetes Care Department of the Roche Laboratory approximately 65 people are attended per month in which 40% of the population are children; Although the disease has no cure can be treated by four fundamental pillars (food, physical activity, self-control, drugs) that are part of the treatment in diabetes, what this research has as objective, is to determine nutritional plan in type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and design a didactic food guide for 2013 - 2014, with the proposal of creating a didactic food guide. The sample consisted of 138 patients, which was applied a data collection instrument (24-hour reminder, food history, etc.), which allowed collecting data about the way they eat, personal history, family. As well as anthropometric data (weight, height, BMI) being of longitudinal type was worked in the month of September to January. The study revealed that 51% of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in children are found in children, which was a didactic food guide, which consists of recommendations, food semaphore, the correct portions to be consumed, set with physical activity as a research proposal, reaching expected results in the acceptance of talks, workshops and especially in the control of glycemia by parents.
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Diabetes mellitus tipo 2, Pediatría, Manuales de salud, Programas de nutrición, Planes y programas de salud, Laboratorio Roche. Departamento de Diabetes Care, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador