Determinar el estado protéico - energético en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en hemodiálisis y elaborar plan de alimentación
Fecha
2014
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
La Enfermedad Renal Crónica se la define como una reducción progresiva e irreversible del filtrado glomerular del riñón; es decir, es el funcionamiento anormal de los mismos, que da como resultado un fallo renal progresivo, llevándose a un total deterioro de las funciones del riñón, y haciéndose necesario de un tratamiento sustitutivo de sus funciones, ya sea con un tratamiento de diálisis (hemodiálisis o diálisis peritoneal) o un trasplante de riñón, para que la persona tenga una vida relativamente normal. Esta patología es un problema muy grave de salud pública a nivel mundial. Sus causas pueden ser provocadas inicialmente por una infección, diabetes mellitus, presión sanguínea alta, quistes, cálculos renales, o un trauma (cirugía, quemaduras, venenos). Suele presentar síntomas como astenia y malestar general por anemia, alteraciones hidroelectrolíticas, alteraciones del metabolismo calcio - fósforo, síntomas digestivos, cardiovasculares y neurológicos, los cuales se presentan cuando el paciente se encuentra en la etapa terminal de esta patología. El paciente que está en tratamiento de hemodiálisis necesita una intervención nutricional especial para prevenir complicaciones en su estado proteico – energético, evitando perjudicar su salud y su condición para recibir la diálisis. El objetivo general de la investigación es determinar el estado proteico energético en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en hemodiálisis mediante datos antropométricos, bioquímicos y encuestas dietéticas para identificar su condición nutricional. Los métodos utilizados en la presente investigación son el analítico, descriptivo y el método científico. La presente investigación es de tipo bibliográfico documental, puesto que hay una serie de actividades que permiten obtener información necesaria; la cual sirve para actualizar o generar nuevos conocimientos. La investigación se la realizó en el centro de diálisis Serdidyv de la ciudad de Guayaquil, ubicado en la ciudadela Kennedy vieja Calle 1ra. Oeste 308 y Av. Del Periodista en un período aproximado de 4 meses.
Chronic Kidney Disease is defined as a progressive and irreversible reduction of the glomerular filtration rate of the kidney; that is to say, it is the abnormal functioning of the same, which results in progressive renal failure, leading to a total deterioration of the functions of the kidney, and making it necessary for a substitution treatment of its functions, either with a dialysis treatment ( hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis) or a kidney transplant, so that the person has a relatively normal life. This pathology is a very serious public health problem worldwide. Its causes can be caused initially by an infection, diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure, cysts, kidney stones, or trauma (surgery, burns, poisons). It usually presents symptoms such as asthenia and malaise due to anemia, hydroelectrolyte alterations, calcium - phosphorus metabolism alterations, digestive, cardiovascular and neurological symptoms, which occur when the patient is in the terminal stage of this pathology. The patient who is in hemodialysis treatment needs a special nutritional intervention to prevent complications in his protein - energy state, avoiding harming his health and his condition to receive dialysis. The general objective of the research is to determine the energy protein status in patients with chronic kidney disease in hemodialysis using anthropometric, biochemical and dietary surveys to identify their nutritional status. The methods used in the present investigation are the analytical, descriptive and the scientific method. The present investigation is of documentary bibliographic type, since there are a series of activities that allow to obtain necessary information; which serves to update or generate new knowledge. The investigation was carried out in the Serdidyv dialysis center of the city of Guayaquil, located in the old Kennedy citadel 1st Street. West 308 and Av. Del Periodista in a period of approximately 4 months.
Chronic Kidney Disease is defined as a progressive and irreversible reduction of the glomerular filtration rate of the kidney; that is to say, it is the abnormal functioning of the same, which results in progressive renal failure, leading to a total deterioration of the functions of the kidney, and making it necessary for a substitution treatment of its functions, either with a dialysis treatment ( hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis) or a kidney transplant, so that the person has a relatively normal life. This pathology is a very serious public health problem worldwide. Its causes can be caused initially by an infection, diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure, cysts, kidney stones, or trauma (surgery, burns, poisons). It usually presents symptoms such as asthenia and malaise due to anemia, hydroelectrolyte alterations, calcium - phosphorus metabolism alterations, digestive, cardiovascular and neurological symptoms, which occur when the patient is in the terminal stage of this pathology. The patient who is in hemodialysis treatment needs a special nutritional intervention to prevent complications in his protein - energy state, avoiding harming his health and his condition to receive dialysis. The general objective of the research is to determine the energy protein status in patients with chronic kidney disease in hemodialysis using anthropometric, biochemical and dietary surveys to identify their nutritional status. The methods used in the present investigation are the analytical, descriptive and the scientific method. The present investigation is of documentary bibliographic type, since there are a series of activities that allow to obtain necessary information; which serves to update or generate new knowledge. The investigation was carried out in the Serdidyv dialysis center of the city of Guayaquil, located in the old Kennedy citadel 1st Street. West 308 and Av. Del Periodista in a period of approximately 4 months.
Descripción
PDF
Palabras clave
INSUFICIENCIA RENAL CRONICA, DIALISIS RENAL, PLANES Y PROGRAMAS DE SALUD, NUTRICION, ALIMENTACION Y DIETA, EPIDEMIOLOGÍA DESCRIPTIVA, CENTRO DE DIALISIS SERDIDYV S.A., CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR, ESTADO NUTRICIONAL