Efectos de tres fuentes nitrogenadas sobre el crecimiento, productividad y composición bioquímica de la cianobacteria Arthrospira sp
Fecha
2019
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
El presente estudio tuvo como finalidad la evaluación de tres fuentes
nitrogenadas, sobre el crecimiento, productividad y composición bioquímica de
Arthrospira spp., en cultivos discontinuos en agua de mar suplementada con una
fuente de nitrógeno (fertilizantes grado comercial: NH4NO3 12 mM, (NH4)2SO4 12
mM y NH2CONH2 10 mM), K2HPO4, NaHCO3, cofactores (NiSO4, Na2MoO4 y
FeSO4), medio estándar Zarrouk; flujo continuo de aire y pulsos de CO2 para
mantener el pH (9,9 ± 0,3). Los resultados mostraron que la mayor concentración
de clorofila a se observó en el cultivo con NH4NO3 (13,87 mg L-1) y la de biomasa
con (NH4)2SO4 (2,22 ± 0,01 g L-1), superando en un 58,3% al control; y
productividad de 0,28 g L-1 d-1. Por otra parte, la composición bioquímica varío
en cada tratamiento, obteniendo así mayor producción de proteínas y
ficobiliproteínas con NH4NO3: 393,92 ± 0,08 mg g-1 y 39,39 ± 2,2 mg g-1; mayor
producción de carbohidratos con NH2CONH2: 228,69 ± 0,01 mg g-1, 27,8% más
que el control; y la mayor producción de lípidos con (NH4)2SO4: 276,24 ± 17,24
mg g-1, 9,1% sobre el control. En cuanto a la asimilación de nitrógeno y fósforo
del medio, no hubo diferencias significativas entre control y tratamiento. Estos
resultados muestran que los medios aquí formulados son una alternativa viable
en el cultivo de Arthrospira spp. puesto que para producir un 1 kg de biomasa
seca de esta cianobacteria con medio Zarrouk se invierten $590, mientras que
con los medios formulados, aproximadamente entre $57 y $90.
The present study was aimed the evaluation of three nitrogenous sources, on the growth, productivity and biochemical composition of Arthrospira spp. in discontinuous or batch culture in seawater supplemented with a nitrogen source (commercial grade fertlizers: 12 mM NH4NO3, 12 mM (NH4)2 SO4 y 10 mM NH2CONH2), K2HPO4, NaHCO3, cofactors (NiSO4, Na2MoO4 y FeSO4), Zarrouk standard medium; continuous flow of air and CO2 pulses to maintain pH (9,9 ± 0,3). The results showed that the highest concentration of chlorophyll a was observed in the culture with NH4NO3 (13,87 mg L-1), and the highest concentration of biomass with (NH4)2 SO4 (2,22 ± 0,01 g L-1), surpassing 58,3 % the control; and productivity of 0,28 g L-1 d-1. On the other hand, the biochemical composition varied in each treatment, thus obtaining higher production of proteins and phycobiliproteins with NH4NO3: 393,92 ± 0,08 mg g-1 and 39,39 ± 2,2 mg g- 1, respectively, 23,2 % less than the control; higher production of carbohydrates with NH2CONH2: 228,69 ± 0,01 mg g-1, 27,8 % more than the control; and higher lipid production with (NH4)2SO4: 276,24 ± 17,24 mg g-1, 9,1 % over the control. Regarding the assimilation of nitrogen and phosphorus in the medium, there were no significant differences between control and treatment. These results show that the media formulated here are a viable alternative in the cultivation of Arthrospira spp. since to produce 1 kg of dry biomass of this cyanobacterium with Zarrouk medium, $590 are invested, while with the formulated media, approximately between $57 and $90.
The present study was aimed the evaluation of three nitrogenous sources, on the growth, productivity and biochemical composition of Arthrospira spp. in discontinuous or batch culture in seawater supplemented with a nitrogen source (commercial grade fertlizers: 12 mM NH4NO3, 12 mM (NH4)2 SO4 y 10 mM NH2CONH2), K2HPO4, NaHCO3, cofactors (NiSO4, Na2MoO4 y FeSO4), Zarrouk standard medium; continuous flow of air and CO2 pulses to maintain pH (9,9 ± 0,3). The results showed that the highest concentration of chlorophyll a was observed in the culture with NH4NO3 (13,87 mg L-1), and the highest concentration of biomass with (NH4)2 SO4 (2,22 ± 0,01 g L-1), surpassing 58,3 % the control; and productivity of 0,28 g L-1 d-1. On the other hand, the biochemical composition varied in each treatment, thus obtaining higher production of proteins and phycobiliproteins with NH4NO3: 393,92 ± 0,08 mg g-1 and 39,39 ± 2,2 mg g- 1, respectively, 23,2 % less than the control; higher production of carbohydrates with NH2CONH2: 228,69 ± 0,01 mg g-1, 27,8 % more than the control; and higher lipid production with (NH4)2SO4: 276,24 ± 17,24 mg g-1, 9,1 % over the control. Regarding the assimilation of nitrogen and phosphorus in the medium, there were no significant differences between control and treatment. These results show that the media formulated here are a viable alternative in the cultivation of Arthrospira spp. since to produce 1 kg of dry biomass of this cyanobacterium with Zarrouk medium, $590 are invested, while with the formulated media, approximately between $57 and $90.
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Palabras clave
ARTHROSPIRA SPP., FUENTES NITROGENADAS, AGUA DE MAR, NUTRIENTES