Hábitos alimentarios de Merluccius gayi en el Golfo de Guayaquil, Ecuador, durante marzo - agosto de 2018
Fecha
2019
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
Se analizó el contenido estomacal de 376 muestras de Merluccius gayi con el objetivo de determinar sus hábitos alimentarios en el Golfo de Guayaquil. Se utilizó el índice de importancia relativa (IIR) para determinar la importancia de los ítems presa en la dieta y para conocer la amplitud del nicho trófico se usó el índice de Levin. De los 376 estómagos, analizados 230 presentaron alimento y se identificaron 13 ítems presas. Se determinó que M. gayi es una especie especialista (Bi= 0,021), perteneciente al tercer eslabón trófico (Troph = 3.9), consumiendo principalmente N. simplex y calamares de la familia Loliginidae. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la dieta entre machos y hembras (p= 0.3669). Sin embargo, los machos presentaron mayor consumo de Nyctiphanes simplex (93.7%); mientras que, en hembras, N. simplex representó el 79.3% y su presa secundaria fue Loliginidae con 9.3%. La dieta en relación a las tallas presentó diferencias significativas (p= 0.0205), donde las tallas inferiores a 35 cm Lt se alimentaron exclusivamente de N. simplex e incorporaron nuevos ítems alimentarios conforme aumentó su talla.
The stomach content of 376 samples of Merluccius gayi was analyzed in order to determine their feeding habits in the Gulf of Guayaquil. The Index of Relative Importance (IRI) was used to determine the importance of the prey items in the diet and the trophic niche breadth was estimated using the Levin’s standardized index. A total of 376 fish stomachs were analyzed, out of these, 230 stomachs had food and 13 prey items were identified. It was determined that M. gayi is a specialist species (Bi = 0.021), belonging to the third trophic level (Troph = 3.9), eating mainly N. simplex and squid of the family Loliginidae. No significant differences were found in the diet between males and females (p = 0.3669). However, the males showed higher consumption of Nyctiphanes simplex (93.7%); whereas, in females, N. simplex represented 79.3% and its secondary prey was Loliginidae with 9.3%. The diet in relation to the sizes presented significant differences (p = 0.0205), where sizes less than 35 cm Lt were exclusively fed by N. simplex and incorporated new food items as their size increased.
The stomach content of 376 samples of Merluccius gayi was analyzed in order to determine their feeding habits in the Gulf of Guayaquil. The Index of Relative Importance (IRI) was used to determine the importance of the prey items in the diet and the trophic niche breadth was estimated using the Levin’s standardized index. A total of 376 fish stomachs were analyzed, out of these, 230 stomachs had food and 13 prey items were identified. It was determined that M. gayi is a specialist species (Bi = 0.021), belonging to the third trophic level (Troph = 3.9), eating mainly N. simplex and squid of the family Loliginidae. No significant differences were found in the diet between males and females (p = 0.3669). However, the males showed higher consumption of Nyctiphanes simplex (93.7%); whereas, in females, N. simplex represented 79.3% and its secondary prey was Loliginidae with 9.3%. The diet in relation to the sizes presented significant differences (p = 0.0205), where sizes less than 35 cm Lt were exclusively fed by N. simplex and incorporated new food items as their size increased.
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NYCTIPHANES simplex, LOLIGINIDAE, DEMERSAL, CARNÍVORO