Valoración económica de los servicios ambientales del Área Nacional de Recreación Samanes en Guayaquil, a través del método de valoración contingente
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2019
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
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Los ecosistemas planetarios emiten un alta gama de servicios ambientales que permiten los equilibrios globales responsable de las condiciones que hacen posible la vida en el planeta tierra, sin embargo, la mayoría de estos ecosistemas están en peligro debido a los impactos ambientales producidos principalmente por el cambio de uso de suelo, degradación de los recursos naturales y generación de desechos. Esta situación es producto de la inadecuada valoración que le otorga la sociedad a los ecosistemas naturales y de cómo esto contribuye a su supervivencia y bienestar, puesto que la sociedad antiguamente se enfocaba más en el ámbito económico buscando lucrarse económicamente de todo lo que lo rodea no importándole el daño ambiental que provoca. La economía ambiental aplica un conjunto de técnicas y métodos que permiten determinar los agentes económicos sobre el medio ambiente , uno de estos métodos es el de valoración contingente que es el que se aplica en esta investigación tomando el caso del Área Nacional de Recreación Samanes (ANRS) siendo uno de los parques más importantes a nivel nacional y de Latino América en cuanto a hectáreaje, diversidad biológica y recreativa. Este estudio está enfocado en los servicios ambientales brindados por el ANRS determinando la disposición a pagar de sus visitantes por la conservación y mantenimiento del mismo. Mediante la aplicación de encuesta a los visitantes del parque, con un total de 68 encuestados, se obtuvo que la disposición de pago por los servicios ambientales es de un 41% de los cuales el 82% están dispuestos a pagar una cuota de entrada al parque con una desviación estándar de $1,75. Finalmente se determinó que tomando en cuenta el valor de la desviación estándar multiplicado por el 41% de los visitantes que están dispuestos a pagar se obtiene un rubroo de $179.375 al mes que se podría utilizar con fines de conservación y mantenimiento de esta Área protegida.
The planetary ecosystems emit a high range of environmental services that allow global equilibria responsible for the conditions that make life possible on planet earth, however, most of these ecosystems are in danger due to the environmental impacts produced mainly by the change of land use, degradation of natural ecosystems and how this contributes to their survival and well-being, since society formerly fooused more on the economic sphere, seeking to profit economically from everything that surrounds it. Importing the environmental damage it causes. Environmental economics applies a set of techniques and methods to determine the economic agents on the environment, one of these methods is the contingent valuation that is applied in this investigation taking the case of the Samanes National Recreation Area (ANRS) ) being one of the most important national and Latin American parks in terms of hectare, biodiversity and recreation. This study focuses on the environmental services provided by the ANRS, determining the willingness of its visitors to pay for its conservation and maintenance. Through the application of survey to park visitors, with a total of 68 respondents, it was obtained that the disposition of payment by the environmental services is of 41% of which 82% are willing to pay a fee of entrance to the park with a standard deviation of $ 1.75. Finally, it was determined that taking into account the value of the standard deviation multiplied by 41% of the visitors who are willing to pay, an item of $ 179,375 per month is obtained that could be used for the conservation and maintenance of this Protected Area.
The planetary ecosystems emit a high range of environmental services that allow global equilibria responsible for the conditions that make life possible on planet earth, however, most of these ecosystems are in danger due to the environmental impacts produced mainly by the change of land use, degradation of natural ecosystems and how this contributes to their survival and well-being, since society formerly fooused more on the economic sphere, seeking to profit economically from everything that surrounds it. Importing the environmental damage it causes. Environmental economics applies a set of techniques and methods to determine the economic agents on the environment, one of these methods is the contingent valuation that is applied in this investigation taking the case of the Samanes National Recreation Area (ANRS) ) being one of the most important national and Latin American parks in terms of hectare, biodiversity and recreation. This study focuses on the environmental services provided by the ANRS, determining the willingness of its visitors to pay for its conservation and maintenance. Through the application of survey to park visitors, with a total of 68 respondents, it was obtained that the disposition of payment by the environmental services is of 41% of which 82% are willing to pay a fee of entrance to the park with a standard deviation of $ 1.75. Finally, it was determined that taking into account the value of the standard deviation multiplied by 41% of the visitors who are willing to pay, an item of $ 179,375 per month is obtained that could be used for the conservation and maintenance of this Protected Area.
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SERVICIOS AMBIENTALES, ECOSISTEMAS, CONSERVACION, MANTENIMIENTO