La percusión torácica mejora la mucocinesis bronquial en pacientes de 20-50 años con neumonía. Estudio realizado en el Hospital Clínica Alcívar, en un período de seis meses
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2014
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
El aclaramiento fisiológico de la mucosidad de las vías aéreas incluye el barrido ciliar y la tos. Su fracaso condiciona la acumulación de moco, la obstrucción y el aumento de las resistencias de la vía aérea, el incremento del trabajo respiratorio, la ventilación alveolar defectuosa, el desequilibrio ventilación perfusión y la mala oxigenación. La evidencia científica que justifica su empleo en algunas enfermedades es insuficiente, aunque la practica habitual perpetua su uso. Las principales limitaciones en el diseño de los estudios son la imposibilidad de mantener ciegos a pacientes y terapeutas, la falta de consenso en la técnica estándar con que comparar las nuevas técnicas y la escasa precisión de las variables empleadas en la evaluación de los resultados. Las técnicas tanto si son autoadministradas como si precisan de un adulto, requieren entrenamiento y supervisión por parte de un medico rehabilitador y fisioterapeuta especializado. A menudo, la fisioterapia respiratoria se combina con otros tratamientos para facilitar el resultado deseado. Se incluyen la oxigenoterapia con gafas nasales para paliar la desaturacion en pacientes con deterioro respiratorio, la nebulización previa con broncodilatadores y la nebulización posterior con corticoides .El objetivo es determinar la percusión torácica mejora la mucocinesis bronquial en pacientes de 20-50 años en pacientes con neumonía aislados con el fin de restaurar la expansión pulmonar facilitando la eliminación de secreciones, disminuyendo así su morbilidad y mejorando la calidad de vida del paciente hospitalizado, en la Clínica Alcivar desde Octubre del 2011 hasta marzo del 2012. Además un diseño de corte transversal y de una muestra aleatoria se incluyeron 30 pacientes. Este trabajo corresponde a la modalidad de proyecto factible, se aplico la técnica de la entrevista a la muestra de estudio que conforma la investigación.
Physiological clearance of mucus from the airways includes ciliary sweep and cough. Its failure conditions the accumulation of mucus, obstruction and increased resistance of the airway, increased respiratory work, defective alveolar ventilation, ventilation perfusion imbalance and poor oxygenation. The scientific evidence that justifies its use in some diseases is insufficient, although the usual practice perpetuates its use. The main limitations in the design of the studies are the impossibility of keeping patients and therapists blind, the lack of consensus in the standard technique with which to compare the new techniques and the poor accuracy of the variables used in the evaluation of the results. The techniques, whether they are self-administered or require an adult, require training and supervision by a rehabilitation doctor and a specialized physiotherapist. Often, respiratory physiotherapy is combined with other treatments to facilitate the desired result. Oxygen therapy is included with nasal glasses to alleviate desaturation in patients with respiratory deterioration, prior nebulization with bronchodilators and subsequent nebulization with corticosteroids. The objective is to determine the thoracic percussion improves bronchial mucokinitis in patients aged 20-50 years in patients with pneumonia in order to restore lung expansion facilitating the elimination of secretions, thus decreasing its morbidity and improving the quality of life of the hospitalized patient, at the Alcivar Clinic from October 2011 to March 2012. In addition, a cross-sectional design from a random sample, 30 patients were included. This work corresponds to the feasible project modality, the interview technique was applied to the study sample that makes up the research.
Physiological clearance of mucus from the airways includes ciliary sweep and cough. Its failure conditions the accumulation of mucus, obstruction and increased resistance of the airway, increased respiratory work, defective alveolar ventilation, ventilation perfusion imbalance and poor oxygenation. The scientific evidence that justifies its use in some diseases is insufficient, although the usual practice perpetuates its use. The main limitations in the design of the studies are the impossibility of keeping patients and therapists blind, the lack of consensus in the standard technique with which to compare the new techniques and the poor accuracy of the variables used in the evaluation of the results. The techniques, whether they are self-administered or require an adult, require training and supervision by a rehabilitation doctor and a specialized physiotherapist. Often, respiratory physiotherapy is combined with other treatments to facilitate the desired result. Oxygen therapy is included with nasal glasses to alleviate desaturation in patients with respiratory deterioration, prior nebulization with bronchodilators and subsequent nebulization with corticosteroids. The objective is to determine the thoracic percussion improves bronchial mucokinitis in patients aged 20-50 years in patients with pneumonia in order to restore lung expansion facilitating the elimination of secretions, thus decreasing its morbidity and improving the quality of life of the hospitalized patient, at the Alcivar Clinic from October 2011 to March 2012. In addition, a cross-sectional design from a random sample, 30 patients were included. This work corresponds to the feasible project modality, the interview technique was applied to the study sample that makes up the research.
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Percusión torácica, Mucocinesis bronquial, Neumonía, Hospital Alcívar, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador