Manejo odontológico en pacientes con síndrome de Von Willebrand
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2019-04
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
El factor de Von Willebrand es una glicoproteína multimérica, que circula en la sangre,
la cual va ayudar en la agregación plaquetaria, controlando así las hemorragias junto con
otras proteínas, conocidas como factores de la coagulación, en este caso específicamente
el factor VIII, cuando un paciente padece la enfermedad de Von Willebrand, este paciente
presenta una deficiencia en un gen que modifica la producción de los factores suficientes,
por lo tanto no va a darse el proceso de coagulación normal. Al ser poco frecuente este
síndrome, los estudiantes de la Facultad de Odontología pasan por alto la importancia de
identificar las manifestaciones clínicas, establecer un diagnóstico y brindar el tratamiento
correcto comprometiendo la salud del paciente, este trabajo tiene como objetivo
determinar el manejo odontológico adecuado para pacientes con síndrome de Von
Willebrand, resaltando la importancia de su conocimiento, a través de un estudio
cuantitativo y cualitativo donde se expondrá definición, diagnóstico y tratamiento a seguir
mediante protocolos odontológicos, demostrando a través de encuestas, el
desconocimiento parcial de la enfermedad en términos de reconocimiento de signos y
síntomas, tratamientos, evolución, complicaciones y seguimiento es notorio en los
estudiantes de la Facultad de Odontología, lo que dificulta un abordaje global de los
pacientes que padecen este síndrome, estadísticamente no se encontró una gran incidencia
de estos casos que acudan a las diferentes clínicas odontológicas para ser atendidos por
los estudiantes, se preferirá el aval del médico tratante previo a la atención odontológica,
el mismo que indicará la pertinencia o no del tratamiento ambulatorio.
Palabras claves: Síndrome de Von Willebrand, Cavidad bucal, Hemorragias,
Coagulopatías
Von Willebrand factor is a multimeric glycoprotein that circulates in the blood, which will help in platelet aggregation, controlling bleeding together with other proteins, known as coagulation factors, in this case specifically factor VIII, when a patient suffers from von Willebrand disease, this patient has a deficiency in a gene that modifies the production of sufficient factors, therefore the normal coagulation process will not occur. Since this syndrome is rare, students of the School of Dentistry overlook the importance of knowing the clinical manifestations, establish a diagnosis and provide the correct treatment, compromising the patient's health, this work aims to determine the proper dental management for patients with von Willebrand syndrome, highlighting the importance of their knowledge, through a quantitative and qualitative study where definition, diagnosis and treatment to be followed through dental protocols will be exposed, demonstrating through of surveys. The partial ignorance of the disease in terms of recognition of the signs and symptoms, treatments, evolution, complications and follow-up is notorious in the students of the dental school, which makes the global approach of patients suffering from this syndrome difficult, statistically, there has not been a high incidence of these cases that go to different dental clinics to be attended by students, medical treatment prior to dental care is preferred, which indicates the relevance or outpatient treatment.
Von Willebrand factor is a multimeric glycoprotein that circulates in the blood, which will help in platelet aggregation, controlling bleeding together with other proteins, known as coagulation factors, in this case specifically factor VIII, when a patient suffers from von Willebrand disease, this patient has a deficiency in a gene that modifies the production of sufficient factors, therefore the normal coagulation process will not occur. Since this syndrome is rare, students of the School of Dentistry overlook the importance of knowing the clinical manifestations, establish a diagnosis and provide the correct treatment, compromising the patient's health, this work aims to determine the proper dental management for patients with von Willebrand syndrome, highlighting the importance of their knowledge, through a quantitative and qualitative study where definition, diagnosis and treatment to be followed through dental protocols will be exposed, demonstrating through of surveys. The partial ignorance of the disease in terms of recognition of the signs and symptoms, treatments, evolution, complications and follow-up is notorious in the students of the dental school, which makes the global approach of patients suffering from this syndrome difficult, statistically, there has not been a high incidence of these cases that go to different dental clinics to be attended by students, medical treatment prior to dental care is preferred, which indicates the relevance or outpatient treatment.
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Palabras clave
CAVIDAD ORAL, HEMORRAGIA BUCAL, ENFERMEDAD DE VON WILLEBRAND, FACTOR DE VON WILLEBRAND, FACULTAD PILOTO DE ODONTOLOGIA