Establecer el valor predictivo de la curva de captación de contraste utilizado en resonancia magnética para el diagnóstico diferencial de patologías mamarias benignas y malignas
Fecha
2014
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
Las patologías mamarias, que se presentan usualmente en las mujeres constituyen un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial, considerando que un gran porcentaje de ellas corresponde a casos de pacientes que presentan malignidad, su alta frecuencia y las implicaciones biológicas además del impacto emocional y económico que acarrea en la paciente y sus familiares, hacen de esta enfermedad uno de los problemas de salud más discutidos a nivel médico. La mamografía en conjunto con la ecografía ocupa un lugar preponderante en la exploración de patologías mamarias, sin embargo su valor diagnóstico disminuye en paciente con mamas densas, u operadas e irradiadas y en mujeres con prótesis mamaria. En los últimos años, la IRM, como método diagnóstico ha ganado aceptación en forma progresiva con la utilización de medio de contraste paramagnético y una antena superficial adaptada para su estudio, se demostró su buena sensibilidad en la detección de cáncer de mama ya que ofrece una información adicional diferente al resto de los métodos diagnósticos en la exploración de la patología mamaria, actualmente en uso como son los estudios dinámicos de IRM de mama que ha resultado una herramienta de imagen muy útil en la valoración de lesiones mamarias mediante el análisis de la curva de captación de contraste. Esta técnica permite analizar el realce de las lesiones según la intensidad de señal versus el tiempo durante todo el proceso de captación del contraste, indicando si una lesión mamaria presenta malignidad o no, el estudio de IRM permite valorar las características de la lesión (forma, contornos, características internas), sino además valorar el análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo de la cinética de captación del medio de contraste paramagnético, la información obtenida es de gran utilidad para los especialistas y los pacientes, ya que permite el tratamiento oportuno para mejorar la calidad de vida de las pacientes
The mammary pathologies, which usually occur in women, constitute a public health problem worldwide, considering that a large percentage of them correspond to cases of patients with malignancy, their high frequency and the biological implications as well as the emotional and economic impact What it causes in the patient and her family members, make this disease one of the most discussed medical problems at the medical level. Mammography in conjunction with ultrasound occupies a prominent place in the exploration of mammary pathologies, however its diagnostic value decreases in patients with dense, or operated and irradiated breasts and in women with breast prostheses. In recent years, the MRI, as diagnostic method has gained acceptance progressively with the use of paramagnetic contrast medium and a surface antenna adapted for study, it was demonstrated its good sensitivity in the detection of breast cancer since it offers a additional information different from the rest of the diagnostic methods in the exploration of mammary pathology, currently in use such as the dynamic studies of breast MRI that has turned out to be a very useful imaging tool in the evaluation of mammary lesions by analyzing the curve of contrast uptake. This technique allows to analyze the enhancement of the lesions according to the intensity of the signal versus the time during the entire process of contrast uptake, indicating whether a breast lesion presents malignancy or not, the MRI study allows to assess the characteristics of the lesion (form, contours, internal characteristics), but also to assess the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the kinetics of uptake of the paramagnetic contrast medium, the information obtained is very useful for specialists and patients, since it allows timely treatment to improve the quality of life of the patients
The mammary pathologies, which usually occur in women, constitute a public health problem worldwide, considering that a large percentage of them correspond to cases of patients with malignancy, their high frequency and the biological implications as well as the emotional and economic impact What it causes in the patient and her family members, make this disease one of the most discussed medical problems at the medical level. Mammography in conjunction with ultrasound occupies a prominent place in the exploration of mammary pathologies, however its diagnostic value decreases in patients with dense, or operated and irradiated breasts and in women with breast prostheses. In recent years, the MRI, as diagnostic method has gained acceptance progressively with the use of paramagnetic contrast medium and a surface antenna adapted for study, it was demonstrated its good sensitivity in the detection of breast cancer since it offers a additional information different from the rest of the diagnostic methods in the exploration of mammary pathology, currently in use such as the dynamic studies of breast MRI that has turned out to be a very useful imaging tool in the evaluation of mammary lesions by analyzing the curve of contrast uptake. This technique allows to analyze the enhancement of the lesions according to the intensity of the signal versus the time during the entire process of contrast uptake, indicating whether a breast lesion presents malignancy or not, the MRI study allows to assess the characteristics of the lesion (form, contours, internal characteristics), but also to assess the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the kinetics of uptake of the paramagnetic contrast medium, the information obtained is very useful for specialists and patients, since it allows timely treatment to improve the quality of life of the patients
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NEOPLASIAS DE LA MAMA, ESPECTROSCOPIA DE RESONANCIA MAGNETICA, CURVA DE CAPTACION, HOSPITAL SOLCA DE GUAYAQUIL, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR, REGISTROS MEDICOS, ENFERMEDADES DE LA MAMA, RESONANCIA MAGNETICA