Procedimiento para mejorar la calidad de exhumaciones en Guayaquil
Fecha
2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
Las pericias de exhumaciones médico legales a consecuencia de inconformidad en los
diagnósticos, de muchas de las autopsias previamente realizadas, son motivo de una amplia
problemática médico legal. Diagnósticos incompletos, estudios de exámenes complementarios
dispersos, inadecuado manejo de muestras biológicas, falta de infraestructura forenses, falta de
guías y protocolos nacionales constituyen el eje principal de investigación del presente trabajo
desarrollada en el Departamento Médico Legal de la Policía Judicial de la Zona 8, cuyo objetivo
general consiste en elaborar una guía para el correcto manejo médico legal de las exhumaciones
en Guayaquil, y contribuir a alcanzar un alto desempeño en el diagnóstico definitivo de la
necropsia post exhumación. El estudio fue desarrollado bajo la metodología cualitativa y con
el método descriptivo, no experimental, transversal, aplicando técnicas como la entrevista y la
observación participante, los cuales fueron aplicados en el servicio médico legal a médicos
peritos. Los principales resultados hallados en el proceso investigativo desarrollado se pudo
detectar la falta de protocolos y guías nacionales en el manejo médico legal de las
exhumaciones, diagnósticos incompletos en las re autopsias, déficit en el sistema bioseguridad
en el lugar, objeto de nuestro estudio, para lo cual se estructuro una propuesta de solución y se
establecieron las recomendaciones apropiadas.
The expertise of legal medical exhumations as a result of nonconformity in the diagnoses of many of the autopsies previously performed are the reason for a wide legal medical problem. Incomplete diagnoses, scattered complementary examinations, inadequate management of biological samples, lack of forensic infrastructure, lack of guidelines and national protocols constitute the main research axis of this work developed in the Legal Medical Department of the Judicial Police of Zone 8, Whose general objective is to elaborate a guide for the correct legal medical management of the exhumations in Guayaquil and to contribute to achieve a high performance in the definitive diagnosis of the exhumation necropsy. The study was developed under the qualitative methodology and with the descriptive, non-experimental, transversal method, applying techniques such as interview and participant observation, which were applied in the legal medical service to medical experts. The main results found in the developed investigative process were the lack of protocols and national guides in the legal medical management of exhumations, incomplete diagnoses in autopsies, deficits in the biosafety system in the place, object of our study, for which structured a proposed solution and established the appropriate recommendations.
The expertise of legal medical exhumations as a result of nonconformity in the diagnoses of many of the autopsies previously performed are the reason for a wide legal medical problem. Incomplete diagnoses, scattered complementary examinations, inadequate management of biological samples, lack of forensic infrastructure, lack of guidelines and national protocols constitute the main research axis of this work developed in the Legal Medical Department of the Judicial Police of Zone 8, Whose general objective is to elaborate a guide for the correct legal medical management of the exhumations in Guayaquil and to contribute to achieve a high performance in the definitive diagnosis of the exhumation necropsy. The study was developed under the qualitative methodology and with the descriptive, non-experimental, transversal method, applying techniques such as interview and participant observation, which were applied in the legal medical service to medical experts. The main results found in the developed investigative process were the lack of protocols and national guides in the legal medical management of exhumations, incomplete diagnoses in autopsies, deficits in the biosafety system in the place, object of our study, for which structured a proposed solution and established the appropriate recommendations.
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Palabras clave
Exhumación, Re-autopsia, Servicios de Medicina Forense, Epidemiología descriptiva, Policía Judicial de la Zona 8, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Mejoramiento de la calidad