Factores de riesgo de la caries dental en niños en edad Pre-escolar
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2019-02
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología.
Resumen
Los factores de riesgo que influyen en la presencia de la caries dental son conocidos y
en la mayoría de los casos se pueden evitar, lo que permite desarrollar una estrategia
para contrarrestarla. El objetivo es determinar los factores de riesgo de caries dental en
los niños de edad pre-escolar de la unidad educativa fiscal mixta Republica de Francia,
2019. Los Materiales y Métodos: que se utilizaron la Tabla 2. Formulario de evaluación
de riesgo de caries para niños de 0 a 5 años de acuerdo con AADP, a 85 padres de
familia de los niños de 3 a 5 años de edad de la unidad educativa Republica de Francia.
Se utilizaron tablas de frecuencia para observar cuantos niños presentaban riesgo de
caries en nivel bajo, moderado y alto. Entre los resultados se encontró un riesgo de
caries dental bajo de 21%, moderado de 24% y alto de 55%. Entre los factores
evaluados se obtuvo que el biológico con mayor porcentaje (88%): el niño consume más
de tres alimentos o bebidas azucaradas entre comidas al día, y el factor protector
(100%): el niño se cepilla los dientes diariamente con pasta dental fluorada. En
conclusión, se encontró que existe un mayor porcentaje de riesgo alto de caries dental
para esta población. A pesar que la caries dental es una enfermedad de etiología
multifactorial, se puede observar que no todos los factores van afectar al mismo tiempo
al huésped.
Risk factors that cause dental caries are known and, in most cases, can be avoided, allowing to develop a strategy to contrarest them. The objective of this work is to determine the risk factors of dental caries in pre-school children of Unidad Eduactiva República de Francia, 2019. Materials and Methods: Table 2 Caries Risk Assessment Form for Children from 0 to 5 years old according to AADP. A survey was done to 85 parents of children from 3 to 5 years of age at República de Francia Educational Unit. Frequency tables were used to observe how many children presented risk of caries at low, moderate and high levels. Among the results it was found a low risk in 21%, a moderate risk dental caries in 24% and a high risk in 55%. The evaluated factors were obtained in biological ones with a greater percentage of 88% where the child consumes more than three sugary foods or drinks between meals a day but the protective factor is that the child brushes his teeth daily with 100% fluoride toothpaste. Conclusion: It was found that there is a higher percentage of high risk for dental caries for this population. Although dental caries is a disease of multifactorial etiology, it can be observed that not all factors affect the host at the same time.
Risk factors that cause dental caries are known and, in most cases, can be avoided, allowing to develop a strategy to contrarest them. The objective of this work is to determine the risk factors of dental caries in pre-school children of Unidad Eduactiva República de Francia, 2019. Materials and Methods: Table 2 Caries Risk Assessment Form for Children from 0 to 5 years old according to AADP. A survey was done to 85 parents of children from 3 to 5 years of age at República de Francia Educational Unit. Frequency tables were used to observe how many children presented risk of caries at low, moderate and high levels. Among the results it was found a low risk in 21%, a moderate risk dental caries in 24% and a high risk in 55%. The evaluated factors were obtained in biological ones with a greater percentage of 88% where the child consumes more than three sugary foods or drinks between meals a day but the protective factor is that the child brushes his teeth daily with 100% fluoride toothpaste. Conclusion: It was found that there is a higher percentage of high risk for dental caries for this population. Although dental caries is a disease of multifactorial etiology, it can be observed that not all factors affect the host at the same time.
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Palabras clave
CARIES DENTALES - NIÑOS, FACTORES DE RIESGO, FACTORES BIOLOGICOS, FLUOR