Estrategia educativa para disminuir el consumo de alcohol en adolescentes, Comunidad Andrés de Vera - Portoviejo
Fecha
2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
El consumo de alcohol es considerado un problema de salud pública, por el daño individual, social y familiar que produce, y causante de al menos 200 enfermedades crónicas, responsable de discapacidades y defunciones en personas jóvenes, siendo la adolescencia la etapa donde inicia su consumo por lo que el objetivo de este estudio es elaborar una estrategia educativa para disminuir el consumo de alcohol en adolescentes de la comunidad Andrés de Vera de la ciudad de Portoviejo, conociendo los factores de riesgos más prevalentes. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal, analítico, diseñándose una encuesta basadas en preguntas cerradas, con variables dicotómicas y otras politomicas para identificar los principales factores de riesgo, y el nivel de consumidor en riesgo, dirigido a los adolescentes del Bachillerato unificado de la Unidad Educativa María Inmaculada. Resultados: se encontró que el 76% de los adolescentes consumen alcohol en la actualidad de estos consumidores en riesgo leve 29%, en riesgo moderado el 64.5% y en riesgo alto el 1.4 %, siendo grupo mayoritario el sexo masculino con un 56%, dentro de los factores de riesgo los de mayor significancia el consumo de alcohol por parte de la familia, la poca comunicación familiar, y los amigos Conclusiones: el consumo de alcohol en los adolescentes es del 76% , siendo el sexo masculino el de mayor frecuencia, en riesgo moderado de dependencia se encontró al 65% de los adolescentes y de estos el 35% fueron las niñas, y el tener un familiar que consume alcohol es el factor de riesgo de mayor influencia para que los adolescentes sigan el mismo patrón.
Alcohol consumption is considered a public health problem, due to the individual, social and family harm it causes, and causes at least 200 chronic diseases, responsible for disabilities and deaths in young people, adolescence being the stage where consumption begins So the objective of this study is to develop an educational strategy to reduce alcohol consumption in adolescents of the Andrés de Vera community in the city of Portoviejo, knowing the most prevalent risk factors. Methodology: A cross-sectional, analytical study was carried out, designing a survey based on closed questions, with dichotomous and other polytomic variables to identify the main risk factors, and the level of consumer at risk, aimed at adolescents of the Unified Baccalaureate The Mary Immaculate Educational Unit. Results: it was found that 76% of adolescents consume alcohol at present of these consumers in mild risk 29%, moderate risk in 64.5% and high risk in 1.4%, being the majority male group with 56% Among the risk factors, the most significant are alcohol consumption by the family, poor family communication, and friends. Conclusions: alcohol consumption in adolescents is 76%, with male sex being the most frequent , At a moderate risk of dependence, 65% of adolescents were found, and 35% were girls, and having a relative who consumes alcohol is the most influential risk factor for adolescents to follow the same pattern.
Alcohol consumption is considered a public health problem, due to the individual, social and family harm it causes, and causes at least 200 chronic diseases, responsible for disabilities and deaths in young people, adolescence being the stage where consumption begins So the objective of this study is to develop an educational strategy to reduce alcohol consumption in adolescents of the Andrés de Vera community in the city of Portoviejo, knowing the most prevalent risk factors. Methodology: A cross-sectional, analytical study was carried out, designing a survey based on closed questions, with dichotomous and other polytomic variables to identify the main risk factors, and the level of consumer at risk, aimed at adolescents of the Unified Baccalaureate The Mary Immaculate Educational Unit. Results: it was found that 76% of adolescents consume alcohol at present of these consumers in mild risk 29%, moderate risk in 64.5% and high risk in 1.4%, being the majority male group with 56% Among the risk factors, the most significant are alcohol consumption by the family, poor family communication, and friends. Conclusions: alcohol consumption in adolescents is 76%, with male sex being the most frequent , At a moderate risk of dependence, 65% of adolescents were found, and 35% were girls, and having a relative who consumes alcohol is the most influential risk factor for adolescents to follow the same pattern.
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Adolescente, Consumo de bebidas alcohólicas, Sociología médica, Programas educativos, Epidemiología analítica, Comunidad Andrés de Vera, Cantón Portoviejo, Ecuador, Consumo de alcohol en menores, Alcoholismo