Complicaciones asociadas a plastrón apendicular en pacientes sometidos a apendicectomía menores de 45 años, en el Hospital General Guasmo Sur período mayo 2017-mayo 2018
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2019
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
La apendicitis se refiere a la inflamación abrupta del apéndice, es la urgencia quirúrgica con la prevalencia más alta en el mundo y la etiología más frecuente en asociación con un cuadro de abdomen agudo que requiere resolución quirurgica. Es una de las enfermedades que produce complicaciones más rápidamente, que, si no se aborda correctamente, puede afectar seriamente el estado general de salud. El plastrón apendicular consiste en una respuesta edematosa e inflamatoria a nivel del apéndice cecal, donde se desarrolla la adhesión de este órgano a las asas intestinales, después de un cuadro inflamatorio o perforación como complicación del mismo. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo analizar las diferentes complicaciones asociadas al desarrollo de plastrón apendicular posterior a apendicetomía en pacientes menores de 45 años en el Hospital General Guasmo Sur, realizándose un estudio retrospectivo, a 145 pacientes que presentaron plastrón apendicular recabando información directamente de las historias clínicas siendo más frecuente en varones de entre 17 y 24 años que presentaron dolor abdominal, al examen físico masa palpable en fosa iliaca derecha y que posterior a la apendicetomía presentaron infección de sitio quirúrgico, concluyendo que al haber poca sintomatología especifica con respecto al plastrón apendicular y al ser una cirugía abierta con herida tipo contaminada y al poco cuidado o predisposición de los pacientes, llevo a la infección del sitio quirúrgico lo que tuvo como reacción el que esta complicación se presente con mayor frecuencia, por lo que una adecuada asepsia y un diagnóstico oportuno de apendicitis es fundamental para la prevención de este tipo de complicaciones y así evitar la morbimortalidad en estos pacientes
Appendicitis refers to abrupt inflammation of the appendix, it is the surgical emergency with the highest prevalence in the world and the most frequent etiology in association with acute abdomen that requires surgical resolution. It is one of the diseases that causes complications more quickly, which, if not addressed correctly, can seriously affect the general state of health. The appendicular plastron consists of an edematous and inflammatory response at the level of the cecal appendix, where the adhesion of this organ to the intestinal loops develops, after an inflammatory picture or perforation as a complication thereof. The aim of this study was to analyze the different complications associated with the development of appendiceal plastron after appendectomy in patients under 45 years of age in the Guasmo Sur General Hospital, performing a retrospective study of 145 patients who presented appendiceal plastron, collecting information directly from the clinical histories frequent in males between 17 and 24 years who presented abdominal pain, physical examination palpable mass in the right iliac fossa and after the appendicetomy had surgical site infection, concluding that there are few specific symptoms with respect to the appendicular plastron and being an open surgery with contaminated wound and little care or predisposition of patients, led to infection of the surgical site which had as a reaction that this complication occurs more frequently, so a proper asepsis and timely diagnosis of appendicitis is essential for the prevention of this type of complications and thus avoid morbidity and mortality in these patients.
Appendicitis refers to abrupt inflammation of the appendix, it is the surgical emergency with the highest prevalence in the world and the most frequent etiology in association with acute abdomen that requires surgical resolution. It is one of the diseases that causes complications more quickly, which, if not addressed correctly, can seriously affect the general state of health. The appendicular plastron consists of an edematous and inflammatory response at the level of the cecal appendix, where the adhesion of this organ to the intestinal loops develops, after an inflammatory picture or perforation as a complication thereof. The aim of this study was to analyze the different complications associated with the development of appendiceal plastron after appendectomy in patients under 45 years of age in the Guasmo Sur General Hospital, performing a retrospective study of 145 patients who presented appendiceal plastron, collecting information directly from the clinical histories frequent in males between 17 and 24 years who presented abdominal pain, physical examination palpable mass in the right iliac fossa and after the appendicetomy had surgical site infection, concluding that there are few specific symptoms with respect to the appendicular plastron and being an open surgery with contaminated wound and little care or predisposition of patients, led to infection of the surgical site which had as a reaction that this complication occurs more frequently, so a proper asepsis and timely diagnosis of appendicitis is essential for the prevention of this type of complications and thus avoid morbidity and mortality in these patients.
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Plastrón apendicular, Apendicitis, Complicaciones, Apendicectomía, Hospital General Guasmo Sur, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador