Caracteristica clínicas e imagenológicas de pacientes diagnosticado con cáncer de páncreas en el Hospital de Especialidades Abel Gilbert Pontón año 2017-2018
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2019
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
El cáncer de páncreas es uno de los más letales debido a su bajo índice de supervivencia, a pesar de no ser un cáncer muy frecuente, ocupa el cuarto lugar de muertes por canceres anualmente y el segundo lugar por canceres digestivos. De acuerdo a la fisiología del páncreas existen dos tipos de tumores, que son; exocrinos y endocrinos, de ellos el primero es el más frecuente, representados principalmente por el adenocarcinoma ductal con el 90% del total de canceres, se localizan principalmente en la cabeza del páncreas, 75%. Los factores de riesgo de este tipo de cáncer son: el tabaquismo, factores hereditarios, antecedentes personales de diabetes, antecedentes familiares de cáncer de páncreas, consumo de alcohol, obesidad, entre otros. El diagnóstico es difícil realizarlo en etapas tempranas, ya que no presenta síntomas sino cuando ya está en un estadio avanzado, los principales son las pruebas de imágenes que ayudan a localizar el tumor; la citología y biopsia identifican las características histológicas y los marcadores tumorales, a pesar que no hay uno específico para estos canceres. El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer la prevalencia, así como factores de riesgo, las características clínicas e imagenológicas y tratamiento del cáncer de páncreas ya que en el Ecuador no existen estudios publicados y se conoce muy poco del tema, que es muy importante debido al alto índice de mortalidad por esta causa.
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Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal due to its low survival rate, despite not being a very common cancer, it occupies the fourth place of deaths by cancers annually and the second place by digestive cancers. According to the physiology of the pancreas there are two types of tumors, which are; exocrine and endocrine, of them the first is the most frequent, represented mainly by ductal adenocarcinoma with 90% of all cancers, are located mainly in the head of the pancreas, 75%. The risk factors of this type of cancer are: smoking, hereditary factors, personal history of diabetes, family history of pancreatic cancer, alcohol consumption, obesity, among others. Diagnosis is difficult to carry out in the early stages, since it does not show symptoms until it is already in an advanced stage, the main ones are image tests that help to locate the tumor; cytology and biopsy identify the histological characteristics and tumor markers, although there is no specific one for these cancers. The objective of this study was to know the prevalence, as well as risk factors, clinical and imaging characteristics and treatment of pancreatic cancer since in Ecuador there are no published studies and very little is known about the topic, which is very important due to the high mortality rate for this cause.
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal due to its low survival rate, despite not being a very common cancer, it occupies the fourth place of deaths by cancers annually and the second place by digestive cancers. According to the physiology of the pancreas there are two types of tumors, which are; exocrine and endocrine, of them the first is the most frequent, represented mainly by ductal adenocarcinoma with 90% of all cancers, are located mainly in the head of the pancreas, 75%. The risk factors of this type of cancer are: smoking, hereditary factors, personal history of diabetes, family history of pancreatic cancer, alcohol consumption, obesity, among others. Diagnosis is difficult to carry out in the early stages, since it does not show symptoms until it is already in an advanced stage, the main ones are image tests that help to locate the tumor; cytology and biopsy identify the histological characteristics and tumor markers, although there is no specific one for these cancers. The objective of this study was to know the prevalence, as well as risk factors, clinical and imaging characteristics and treatment of pancreatic cancer since in Ecuador there are no published studies and very little is known about the topic, which is very important due to the high mortality rate for this cause.
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Supervivencia, Adenocarcinoma, Factores de riesgo, Neoplasias, Hospital de Especialidades Guayaquil Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Neoplasias pancreáticas