Incidencia de fluorosis dental en estudiantes de 4 a 10 años de edad en la escuela Monseñor Leonidas Proaño de Riobamba y escuela Clementina Triviño de Unda de Balzar periodo 2019 -2020
Fecha
2019-09
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
La fluorosis dental es una patología que se presenta durante el proceso de formación dentaria, llevando consigo cambios a nivel del esmalte dental, de aspecto moteado, en forma de tiza como consecuencia de niveles excesivos de flúor en el organismo, manifestándose como manchas blancas a parduscas, porosidades, o perdida severa de la estructura del esmalte según su grado de afectación. Objetivo: Determinar la incidencia de fluorosis dental en estudiantes de 4 a 10 años de edad en la escuela Monseñor Leónidas Proaño de Riobamba y Clementina Triviño De Unda de Balzar periodo 2019 -2020. Método: Cuantitativo, No experimental, de Campo, Descriptivo y Transversal realizado en dos Unidades Educativas en la región Sierra y Costa en 109 niños entre los 4 a 10 años de edad, con el respectivo consentimiento informado, mediante la realización del diagnóstico clínico, y recolección de datos en la ficha de observación según Índice Dean y registro fotográfico. Resultados: De 109 niños de muestra, se observa que la mayor incidencia de fluorosis dental se presenta en región sierra con un 66% en relación a la región costa en un 34%.Conclusión en base a la incidencia de Fluorosis dental en niños de 4 a 10 años de edad de las dos unidades educativas, demuestran estadísticamente que la fluorosis dental es dependiente del lugar de residencia que habitan los escolares además que la prevalencia de Fluorosis dental según género en ambas regiones fue mayor con un 60% en el género femenino, en relación al masculino con el 40%.
Dental fluorosis is a pathology that occurs during the process of dental formation. This pathology leads to changes at the level of enamel; in addition, it gives a speckled appearance as a form of a chalk due to excessive levels of fluoride in the body. Excessive fluoride displays white spots to brownish, porosities, or severe loss of the structure of the enamel according to its degree of affectation. The aim of this research is to determine the incidence of fluorosis in 4-10 year old students of age at the Monseñor Leónidas Proaño de Riobamba and Clementina Triviño De Unda de Balzar School during the 2019 academic period. The methodological design corresponds to a quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional and field study performed in two Educational Units in the highlands and coastal region on 109 children between 4 and 10 years of age, with the respective informed consent, by means of clinical diagnosis, and data collection in the observation record according to Dean Index and photographic record. Results show that from 109 sample children, the highest incidence of dental fluorosis occurs in the highlands with 66% in relation to the coastal region in 34%. In all, based on the incidence of dental fluorosis depends on the place of residence inhabited by school children and that the prevalence of dental fluorosis according to gender in both regions was higher with 60% in the female gender, in relation to the male with 40%.
Dental fluorosis is a pathology that occurs during the process of dental formation. This pathology leads to changes at the level of enamel; in addition, it gives a speckled appearance as a form of a chalk due to excessive levels of fluoride in the body. Excessive fluoride displays white spots to brownish, porosities, or severe loss of the structure of the enamel according to its degree of affectation. The aim of this research is to determine the incidence of fluorosis in 4-10 year old students of age at the Monseñor Leónidas Proaño de Riobamba and Clementina Triviño De Unda de Balzar School during the 2019 academic period. The methodological design corresponds to a quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional and field study performed in two Educational Units in the highlands and coastal region on 109 children between 4 and 10 years of age, with the respective informed consent, by means of clinical diagnosis, and data collection in the observation record according to Dean Index and photographic record. Results show that from 109 sample children, the highest incidence of dental fluorosis occurs in the highlands with 66% in relation to the coastal region in 34%. In all, based on the incidence of dental fluorosis depends on the place of residence inhabited by school children and that the prevalence of dental fluorosis according to gender in both regions was higher with 60% in the female gender, in relation to the male with 40%.
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Palabras clave
FLUOROSIS DENTAL, ESMALTE DENTAL, FLUOR