Promoción de hábitos saludables en pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica en el área de Nefrología del Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo .
Fecha
2019
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Universidad de Guayaquil-Facultad de Ciencias Medicas-Carrera de Enfermeria
Resumen
La enfermedad crónica renal requiere de cuidados especializados para que la persona diagnosticada con esta enfermedad catastrófica se mantenga con calidad de vida, por ello se planteó el objetivo de determinar la promoción de hábitos saludables en pacientes con Insuficiencia Renal Crónica en área de Nefrología del Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, durante noviembre 2018 a enero 2019. Se aplicó la metodología cuantitativa, descriptiva, con utilización de encuesta a pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica, cuyos resultados indicaron que: 60% pertenecieron al sexo femenino, 60% son adultos mayores, 52% tienen instrucción secundaria, la causa de la enfermedad fue la diabetes (50%) e hipertensión (40%); 14% llevan un estilo de vida inadecuado que incrementa el riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular, 11% ha sido diagnosticado con malnutrición, 8% con anemia; 50% come tres veces al día, 61% consume verduras, 69% consume proteínas, 75% consume carbohidratos, 57% consume frutas; el 45% se bañan todos los días, 39% se bañan pasando un día, existe un porcentaje de pacientes que son sedentarios; 69% de estos pacientes no se les entregó material informativo, a 63% de ellos si se les suministró la educación sobre la nutrición e higiene, a través de la consejería especializada de autocuidado. En conclusión, la promoción de hábitos saludables en el establecimiento hospitalario fue limitada, generando otras afecciones en los pacientes diagnosticadas con enfermedad crónica renal, por lo que se requiere fortalecer la promoción de estos hábitos saludables para beneficio de la calidad de vida del grupo prioritario en estudio.
Chronic kidney disease requires specialized care so that the person diagnosed with this catastrophic disease can maintain quality of life. Therefore, the objective was to determine the promotion of healthy habits in patients with Chronic Renal Insufficiency in the area of Nephrology of Teodoro Hospital. Maldonado Carbo, during November 2018 to January 2019. The quantitative, descriptive methodology was applied, using a survey of patients with chronic renal failure, whose results indicated that: 60% belonged to the female sex, 60% are older adults, 52% have secondary education, the cause of the disease was diabetes (50%) and hypertension (40%); 14% have an inadequate lifestyle that increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, 11% have been diagnosed with malnutrition, 8% with anemia; 50% eat three times a day, 61% consume vegetables, 69% consume protein, 75% consume carbohydrates, 57% consume fruits; 45% bathe every day, 39% bathe after a day, there is a percentage of patients who are sedentary; 69% of these patients were not given information material, 63% of them if they were provided with nutrition and hygiene education, through specialized self-care counseling. In conclusion, the promotion of healthy habits in the hospital setting was limited, generating other conditions in patients diagnosed with chronic kidney disease, so it is necessary to strengthen the promotion of these healthy habits to benefit the quality of life of the priority group in study.
Chronic kidney disease requires specialized care so that the person diagnosed with this catastrophic disease can maintain quality of life. Therefore, the objective was to determine the promotion of healthy habits in patients with Chronic Renal Insufficiency in the area of Nephrology of Teodoro Hospital. Maldonado Carbo, during November 2018 to January 2019. The quantitative, descriptive methodology was applied, using a survey of patients with chronic renal failure, whose results indicated that: 60% belonged to the female sex, 60% are older adults, 52% have secondary education, the cause of the disease was diabetes (50%) and hypertension (40%); 14% have an inadequate lifestyle that increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, 11% have been diagnosed with malnutrition, 8% with anemia; 50% eat three times a day, 61% consume vegetables, 69% consume protein, 75% consume carbohydrates, 57% consume fruits; 45% bathe every day, 39% bathe after a day, there is a percentage of patients who are sedentary; 69% of these patients were not given information material, 63% of them if they were provided with nutrition and hygiene education, through specialized self-care counseling. In conclusion, the promotion of healthy habits in the hospital setting was limited, generating other conditions in patients diagnosed with chronic kidney disease, so it is necessary to strengthen the promotion of these healthy habits to benefit the quality of life of the priority group in study.
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Palabras clave
Nefrología, Estilo de vida saludable, Autocuidado, Insuficiencia renal
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