Propuesta de fitorremediación para coliformes fecales utilizando la especie Schoenoplectus californicus en la Comunidad de Illangama de Guaranda, provincia Bolivar
Fecha
2019-09
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
Las coliformes fecales pertenecen a la familia Enterobacteriaceae, anaeróbicas facultativas y
Gram negativas, generan problemas de contaminación microbiológica y deterioro en la calidad
de vida de las personas por medio de enfermedades como diarrea, ictericia y nausea. El trabajo
se fundamentó en plantear una propuesta de fitorremediación para coliformes fecales utilizando
la especie Schoenoplectus californicus en una fuente hídrica de la comunidad Illangama de
Guaranda de la provincia Bolívar. Al inicio de este estudio se determinó las concentraciones de
coliformes fecales donde se comprobó la presencia de bacterias, luego se realizó el bioensayo
por triplicado incluyendo la especie antes mencionada y un control. El tiempo de retención fue
de 8 días, volviendo a realizar un análisis microbiológico al octavo día del tratamiento. Como
resultado se obtuvo un porcentaje de efectividad de remoción de coliformes fecales del 6.67%.
Finalmente, se llegó a determinar que la planta tiene un bajo porcentaje de efectividad y se
propone realizar nuevas investigaciones con la especie para determinar su efectividad, también
realizar estudios cada 5 años para descartar focos de contaminación en la comunidad y tomar
alternativas de sanidad para evitar contaminación en el agua de la comunidad Illangama.
The fecal coliforms belong to the family Enterobacteriaceae, optional anaerobic and Gram negative, they generate problems of microbiological contamination and deterioration in the quality of life of people by means of diseases such as diarrhea, jaundice and nausea. The work was based on raising a proposal of phytorremediation for fecal coliforms using the species Schoenoplectus californicus in a water source of the community Illangama of Guaranda of the province Bolívar. At the beginning of this study the concentrations of faecal coliforms were determined where the presence of bacteria was checked, then the bioassay was performed in triplicate including the aforementioned species and a control. The retention time was 8 days, again performing a microbiological analysis on the eighth day of treatment. The result was a 6.67% effective removal of faecal coliforms. Finally, it was determined that the plant has a low rate of effectiveness and it is proposed to carry out new investigations with the species to determine its effectiveness, also carry out studies every 5 years to discard sources of pollution in the community and take health alternatives to avoid pollution in the water of the Illangama community.
The fecal coliforms belong to the family Enterobacteriaceae, optional anaerobic and Gram negative, they generate problems of microbiological contamination and deterioration in the quality of life of people by means of diseases such as diarrhea, jaundice and nausea. The work was based on raising a proposal of phytorremediation for fecal coliforms using the species Schoenoplectus californicus in a water source of the community Illangama of Guaranda of the province Bolívar. At the beginning of this study the concentrations of faecal coliforms were determined where the presence of bacteria was checked, then the bioassay was performed in triplicate including the aforementioned species and a control. The retention time was 8 days, again performing a microbiological analysis on the eighth day of treatment. The result was a 6.67% effective removal of faecal coliforms. Finally, it was determined that the plant has a low rate of effectiveness and it is proposed to carry out new investigations with the species to determine its effectiveness, also carry out studies every 5 years to discard sources of pollution in the community and take health alternatives to avoid pollution in the water of the Illangama community.
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Palabras clave
REMOCIÓN, BACTERIAS, FITORREMEDIACIÓN