Lesiones traumatológicas producto del terremoto
Fecha
2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
El Ecuador, con fecha 16 de abril de 2016 sufre un terremoto de magnitud 7.8
en escala de Richter, provocado por el deslizamiento de las placas tectónicas (la
oceánica que se introduce por debajo de la sudamericana) con epicentro en
Pedernales, en la costa noreste del país. Objetivo general: determinar las lesiones
traumatológicas (músculo-esqueléticas) de los pacientes expuestos al terremoto.
Metodología: el estudio tiene un enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo descriptivo,
observacional y retrospectivo. Resultados: se recogen datos de los primeros 6 días y
de 7 centros médicos, atendiéndose 114 pacientes con 121 lesiones. El 82% se
atendieron durante los primeros tres días. El género femenino fue el más afectado
(54%); el paciente más joven fue de 19 días de nacido y el de mayor edad fue 76 años.
Las principales lesiones traumatológicas fueron las fracturas con el 61% (74 casos),
siendo mayoritariamente las del miembro inferior con el 67%; las lesiones de partes
blandas fueron del 33.8% (41 casos) y de éstas el 5% fueron de alta severidad. Las
amputaciones fueron el 3.3% (4 casos). Sólo un 71.93% requirieron tratamientos
quirúrgicos. Conclusiones: en base a los resultados obtenidos podemos decir que la
magnitud del evento telúrico fue de grandes proporciones, que provocó lesiones muy
severas en los pacientes y destrucción en gran parte de las ciudades afectadas
Ecuador, dated April 16, 2016 suffers an earthquake of magnitude 7.8 on Richter scale, caused by the sliding of tectonic plates (the ocean that is inserted beneath the South American) with its epicenter in Pedernales, on the northeast coast from the country. Overall objective: to determine the orthopedic injuries (musculoskeletal) of patients exposed to the earthquake. Methodology: The study is an observational and retrospective quantitative approach, descriptive,. Results: Data from the first 6 days and 7 medical centers are collected, taking 114 patients with 121 lesions. 82% were treated during the first three days. Female gender was the most affected (54%); the youngest patient was 19 days old and the oldest was 76 years. The main orthopedic injuries were fractures 61% (74 cases), being mainly the lower limb with 67%; soft tissue lesions were 33.8% (41 cases) and 5% of them were of high severity. Amputations were 3.3% (4 cases). Only 71.93% required surgical treatments. Conclusions: Based on the results we can say that the magnitude of the earthquake event was of great proportions, causing severe injuries to patients and destruction in much of the affected cities.
Ecuador, dated April 16, 2016 suffers an earthquake of magnitude 7.8 on Richter scale, caused by the sliding of tectonic plates (the ocean that is inserted beneath the South American) with its epicenter in Pedernales, on the northeast coast from the country. Overall objective: to determine the orthopedic injuries (musculoskeletal) of patients exposed to the earthquake. Methodology: The study is an observational and retrospective quantitative approach, descriptive,. Results: Data from the first 6 days and 7 medical centers are collected, taking 114 patients with 121 lesions. 82% were treated during the first three days. Female gender was the most affected (54%); the youngest patient was 19 days old and the oldest was 76 years. The main orthopedic injuries were fractures 61% (74 cases), being mainly the lower limb with 67%; soft tissue lesions were 33.8% (41 cases) and 5% of them were of high severity. Amputations were 3.3% (4 cases). Only 71.93% required surgical treatments. Conclusions: Based on the results we can say that the magnitude of the earthquake event was of great proportions, causing severe injuries to patients and destruction in much of the affected cities.
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Heridas y traumatismos, Terremotos, Epidemiología descriptiva, Estudios retrospectivos, Hospital General IESS Santo Domingo, Cantón Santo Domingo, Ecuador