Serotipos de candida aisladas en muestras de hisopado bucal en pacientes con VIH/SIDA Hospital Regional Isidro Ayora, Loja, mayo -junio 2014
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2015
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
La investigación se realizó para identificar los serotipos de Cándida, causantes de Candidiasis oral una infección micótica oportunista en personas con VIH/SIDA, frecuentemente causada por Cándida albicans considerándose como la más patógena, sin embargo especies de cándidas no albicans suelen ser menos sensibles a los azoles y pueden ser más virulentas. En la actualidad es importante el diagnóstico oportuno porque va en aumento la aparición de cepas menos sensibles a los antimicóticos. De todas las especies de Cándida, la más patógena para el hombre es la Cándida albicans, aunque también se han descrito otras como Cándida glabrata, Cándida tropicalis, Cándida parapsilosis, Cándida dubliniensis, como patógenos oportunistas en la cavidad oral en los pacientes con VIH y SIDA. El objetivo general fue identificar los serotipos de Cándida aisladas en pacientes con VIH/SIDA, Hospital Regional “Isidro Ayora”. Ciudad de Loja, mayo – julio 2014. El trabajo investigativo fue de carácter exploratorio, descriptivo, prospectivo; realizado con un total de 115 personas de los cuales 1 caso corresponde a VIH y 114 casos de SIDA. Para identificar los serotipos de Cándida se realizaron cultivos en Agar Dextrosa Sabouraud-Cloranfenicol y cultivos mediante agotamiento de estrías en CHROMAgar Cándida, para identificar los serotipos de Cándida presentes en la muestras y se confirmaron mediante Espectrometría de Masas (MALDI-TOF). Se obtuvo como resultado un 27% (31 cultivos) de casos positivos para crecimiento de Cándida y un 73% (84 cultivos) de casos negativos en Agar Dextrosa Sabouraud-Cloranfenicol. Los casos positivos se cultivaron en CHROMAgar Cándida para identificar los serotipos de Cándida obteniendo como resultados 74% (23 casos) de Cándida albicans constituyéndose el serotipo más frecuente, seguido de los siguientes serotipos en menor frecuencia Cándida glabrata 13% (4 casos), Cándida krusei 3% (1 caso), Cándida guilliermondii 3% (1 caso), Cándida parapsilosis 3% (1 caso) y Cándida pararugora 3% (1 caso).
The research is conducted to identify Candida serotypes that cause oral candidiasis an opportunistic fungal infection in people with HIV / AIDS, frequently caused by Candida albicans regarded as the most pathogenic, however non-albicans Candida species are usually less sensitive to and azoles may be more virulent. Today early diagnosis is important because it is increasing the appearance of less sensitive to antifungal strains. Of all the species of Candida, the most pathogenic to humans it is Candida albicans, although they have also described other as Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, Candida parapsilosis, Candida dubliniensis, as opportunistic pathogens in the oral cavity in patients with HIV and AIDS. The overall objective was to identify the serotypes of Candida isolated in patients with HIV / AIDS, Regional Hospital "Isidro Ayora" in the city of Loja, from May to July 2014. The research work was exploratory, descriptive, prospective; made a total of 115 people including 1 case to HIV and 114 AIDS cases. To identify serotypes of Candida cultures in Sabouraud Dextrose Chloramphenicol Agar and cultures were performed by depletion of stretch marks on CHROMagar Candida, to identify Candida serotypes present in the samples and were confirmed by mass spectrometry (MALDITOF). It was obtained as a result 27% (31 crops) of positive cases Candida growth and 73% (84 cultures) negative cases Chloramphenicol Agar Sabouraud Dextrose. Positive cases were cultured in CHROMAgar Cándida to identify the serotypes of Candida obtaining as a result 74% (23 cases) of Candida albicans becoming the most common serotype, followed by the following serotypes in less frequency Cándida glabrata 13% (4 cases), Cándida krusei 3% (1 case), Candida guilliermondii 3% (1 case), Candida parapsilosis 3% (1 case) and Candida pararugora 3% (1 case).
The research is conducted to identify Candida serotypes that cause oral candidiasis an opportunistic fungal infection in people with HIV / AIDS, frequently caused by Candida albicans regarded as the most pathogenic, however non-albicans Candida species are usually less sensitive to and azoles may be more virulent. Today early diagnosis is important because it is increasing the appearance of less sensitive to antifungal strains. Of all the species of Candida, the most pathogenic to humans it is Candida albicans, although they have also described other as Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, Candida parapsilosis, Candida dubliniensis, as opportunistic pathogens in the oral cavity in patients with HIV and AIDS. The overall objective was to identify the serotypes of Candida isolated in patients with HIV / AIDS, Regional Hospital "Isidro Ayora" in the city of Loja, from May to July 2014. The research work was exploratory, descriptive, prospective; made a total of 115 people including 1 case to HIV and 114 AIDS cases. To identify serotypes of Candida cultures in Sabouraud Dextrose Chloramphenicol Agar and cultures were performed by depletion of stretch marks on CHROMagar Candida, to identify Candida serotypes present in the samples and were confirmed by mass spectrometry (MALDITOF). It was obtained as a result 27% (31 crops) of positive cases Candida growth and 73% (84 cultures) negative cases Chloramphenicol Agar Sabouraud Dextrose. Positive cases were cultured in CHROMAgar Cándida to identify the serotypes of Candida obtaining as a result 74% (23 cases) of Candida albicans becoming the most common serotype, followed by the following serotypes in less frequency Cándida glabrata 13% (4 cases), Cándida krusei 3% (1 case), Candida guilliermondii 3% (1 case), Candida parapsilosis 3% (1 case) and Candida pararugora 3% (1 case).
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Virus de inmunodeficiencia humana, Candida albicans, Hospital General Isidro Ayora, Cantón Loja, Ecuador, Hisopado bucal, Síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida, Epidemiología descriptiva, Estudios prospectivos