Estudio correlacional de los conocimientos sobre los métodos de planificación familiar y embarazo en adolescentes
Fecha
2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
El Embarazo Adolescente es una problemática social que afecta a muchos países tanto
desarrollados como en vías de desarrollo. Afecta en distintos ámbitos a la adolescente
surgiendo complicaciones en la salud como en el aspecto psicosocial de la misma. Una de las
mayores causas por las cuales las cifras y estadísticas de embarazos adolescentes aumenta
continuamente se debe básicamente al poco conocimiento sobre Métodos de Planificación
Familiar como también al rechazo de las jóvenes a usarlos debido a distintos mitos que el uso
de los mismos traen consigo. Es por ello que con el objetivo de determinar el Nivel de
conocimiento y uso de Métodos de Planificación Familiar y su relación con embarazos en
adolescentes se realizó un estudio cuantitativo no experimental. En lo que se refiere a los
conocimientos sobre Planificación Familiar encontramos que 30 de las adolescentes
encuestadas no tenían conocimientos sobre Planificación Familiar lo que representa el
65.22% frente a 16 de ellas que si tienen conocimientos y lo ponen en práctica. El mayor uso
de métodos anticonceptivos están dados por los orales y sub dérmicos, seguidos de los
inyectables y en último lugar se ubica el preservativo debido a que les genera desconfianza.
Con respecto al número de parejas sexuales, el 63.04% tienen más de una pareja sexual,
frente al 36.95% que solo ha tenido una pareja sexual. Es muy importante que los
adolescentes tenga un acceso inmediato a toda la información concerniente a los Métodos de
Planificación Familiar para evitar que la cifras de embarazo sigan creciendo de manera
alarmante.
Adolescent Pregnancy is a social problem that affects many countries, both developed and developing. It affects in different areas to the adolescent appearing complications in the health as in the psychosocial aspect of the same. One of the major causes for which the numbers and statistics of adolescent pregnancies increases continuously is basically due to the lack of knowledge about Family Planning Methods as well as the refusal of the young women to use them due to different myths that the use of them bring with them. Therefore, in order to determine the level of knowledge and use of Family Planning Methods and their relationship to adolescent pregnancies, a non-experimental quantitative study was performed. Regarding the knowledge about Family Planning, we found that 30 of the adolescents surveyed did not have knowledge about Family Planning, which represents 65.22%, compared to 16 of them who have knowledge and put it into practice. The greater uses of contraceptive methods are given by oral and subdermal, followed by injectables and lastly the condom is located because it generates distrust. Concerning the number of sexual partners, 63.04% have more than one sexual partner, compared to 36.95% with only one sexual partner. It is very important that adolescents have immediate access to all information concerning Family Planning Methods to prevent the pregnancy numbers from continuing to grow at an alarming rate.
Adolescent Pregnancy is a social problem that affects many countries, both developed and developing. It affects in different areas to the adolescent appearing complications in the health as in the psychosocial aspect of the same. One of the major causes for which the numbers and statistics of adolescent pregnancies increases continuously is basically due to the lack of knowledge about Family Planning Methods as well as the refusal of the young women to use them due to different myths that the use of them bring with them. Therefore, in order to determine the level of knowledge and use of Family Planning Methods and their relationship to adolescent pregnancies, a non-experimental quantitative study was performed. Regarding the knowledge about Family Planning, we found that 30 of the adolescents surveyed did not have knowledge about Family Planning, which represents 65.22%, compared to 16 of them who have knowledge and put it into practice. The greater uses of contraceptive methods are given by oral and subdermal, followed by injectables and lastly the condom is located because it generates distrust. Concerning the number of sexual partners, 63.04% have more than one sexual partner, compared to 36.95% with only one sexual partner. It is very important that adolescents have immediate access to all information concerning Family Planning Methods to prevent the pregnancy numbers from continuing to grow at an alarming rate.
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Embarazo en adolescencia, Nivel de conocimiento, Planificación familiar, Anticonceptivos, Subcentro de Salud Pablo Neruda, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador