Presencia de anticuerpos IgG contra el trypanosoma cruzi en grupos poblacionales de las comunidades del cantón Loreto provincia Orellana marzo - abril , 2012
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2013
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
La Tripanosomiasis o mal de Chagas constituye un serio problema de salud pública y está entre las seis primeras enfermedades producidas por parásitos, es producida por el Trypanosoma cruzi, cuyos reservorios son ciertos animales domésticos y silvestres. El vector biológico son Triatomininos hematófagos; el T. cruzi ocasiona incapacidad y daños orgánicos irreversibles en el hombre y una serie de mamíferos. El Ecuador presenta una prevalencia del 1 al 4%. El objetivo fue determinar la presencia de anticuerpos IgG contra Trypanosoma cruzi en las comunidades del cantón Loreto de la provincia de Orellana desde marzo y abril del 2 012, mediante un estudio observacional descriptivo. Realizado en 12 comunidades del cantón Loreto y las muestras fueron analizadas en el laboratorio del Subproceso de Parasitología del INSPI Guayaquil. Sus resultados: 1 563 muestras analizadas en los menores de 5 a 15 años de edad, fueron reactivas 1,73% para anticuerpos IgG contra el T. cruzi por técnica de ELISA; del total de muestras reactivas se confirmaron 51,85% y negativos 48,15%; los casos negativos fueron verificados por IFI determinándose 10 muestras positivas y 3 negativas, en total 24 muestras positivas que es 1,54% de seroprevalencia en los menores. En las gestantes se analizaron 61 muestras de las cuales 3 resultaron reactivas por ELISA; luego se confirmaron 2 casos positivos por HAI y 1 negativo que se confirmó como positivo por IFI, registrándose una seroprevalencia de 4, 92%. Siendo necesario realizar estudios más amplios en sus alrededores y otras zonas del país con el fin de disminuir la prevalencia de la enfermedad en el país.
Trypanosomiasis or Chagas disease is a serious public health problem and is considered to be among the top six diseases caused by parasites, is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), whose reservoirs are certain domestic and wild animals. The biological vector reduviid bugs or bugs are bloodsucking Triatomininos, the T. cruzi causes disability and irreversible organ damage in humans and a variety of mammals. In Ecuador has a prevalence of 1 to 4%. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of IgG antibodies to Trypanosoma cruzi in populations of the communities of Canton Loreto Orellana province during the months of March and April 2012, for which we used a descriptive study. Made in 12 communities of Canton Loreto, and the samples were processed and analyzed in the laboratory of Parasitology Thread (INSPI) of the city of Guayaquil, the results were obtained: 1 563 samples tested in children under 5-15 years age, of which 27 were reactive (1.73%) for IgG antibodies against T. cruzi by ELISA, of total 14 reactive samples were confirmed positive cases (51.85%) and 13 negative (48.15%) negative cases were verified by IFI where 10 samples found positive and 3 negative. In total 24 positive samples corresponding to 1, 54% seroprevalence in children studied. Among pregnant women were analyzed 61 samples of which 3 were reactive by ELISA, then 2 cases were confirmed positive by HAI and negative January 1 was confirmed as positive by IIF, registering a seroprevalence of 4, 92%. For these events is larger studies are needed in these areas as well as in the surrounding area and other areas of the country in order to reduce the prevalence of the disease in the country.
Trypanosomiasis or Chagas disease is a serious public health problem and is considered to be among the top six diseases caused by parasites, is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), whose reservoirs are certain domestic and wild animals. The biological vector reduviid bugs or bugs are bloodsucking Triatomininos, the T. cruzi causes disability and irreversible organ damage in humans and a variety of mammals. In Ecuador has a prevalence of 1 to 4%. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of IgG antibodies to Trypanosoma cruzi in populations of the communities of Canton Loreto Orellana province during the months of March and April 2012, for which we used a descriptive study. Made in 12 communities of Canton Loreto, and the samples were processed and analyzed in the laboratory of Parasitology Thread (INSPI) of the city of Guayaquil, the results were obtained: 1 563 samples tested in children under 5-15 years age, of which 27 were reactive (1.73%) for IgG antibodies against T. cruzi by ELISA, of total 14 reactive samples were confirmed positive cases (51.85%) and 13 negative (48.15%) negative cases were verified by IFI where 10 samples found positive and 3 negative. In total 24 positive samples corresponding to 1, 54% seroprevalence in children studied. Among pregnant women were analyzed 61 samples of which 3 were reactive by ELISA, then 2 cases were confirmed positive by HAI and negative January 1 was confirmed as positive by IIF, registering a seroprevalence of 4, 92%. For these events is larger studies are needed in these areas as well as in the surrounding area and other areas of the country in order to reduce the prevalence of the disease in the country.
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PANOSOMA CRUZI, METODO ELISA, TECNICA DEL ANTICUERPO FLUOROCENTE INDIRECTA, COMUNIDADES, PROVINCIA DE ORELLANA, CANTON LORETO, ECUADOR