Seroprevalencia de clamydia trachomatis en mujeres que acuden a Ginecología del Subcentro de Salud Hugo Guillermo Gonzáles Loja, junio - agosto de 2013.
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2013
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
La Clamydia trachomatis, causa infecciones transmitidas por vía sexual – sobre todo en países subdesarrollados- y también pueden producir infección del ojo (conjuntivitis de inclusión). En los varones sexualmente activos, la Clamydia trachomatis causa uretritis no gonocócica y en ocasiones, epididimitis. En las mujeres, la Clamydia trachomatis causa uretritis, cervicitis, y enfermedad pélvica inflamatoria, la cual puede conducir a esterilidad y predisponer al embarazo ectópico; neumonitis del lactante y linfogranuloma venéreo.
La seroprevalencia de Clamydia trachomatis en América es muy diversa variando entre el 8 al 38%, dependiendo de la población estudiada y del método de diagnóstico. Al no existir un registro individual de esta patología ya que en las hojas de registro utilizadas por el Ministerio de Salud Pública como el EPI 1 y EPI 2 la enfermedad causada por Clamydia trachomatis no consta como patología individual sino que se la registra dentro del grupo de otras infecciones de transmisión sexual por lo cual no existe un registro ni información sobre la presencia de esta enfermedad.
Por ello en el presente estudio se realizó una investigación para conocer: Cuál es la seroprevalencia de Clamydia trachomatis, en mujeres que acuden a consulta ginecológica en el Subcentro de salud ―Hugo Guillermo Gonzáles‖ de Loja, entre junio a agosto de 2013. Para realizar una identificación de forma oportuna con la finalidad de tomar medidas de prevención y evitar complicaciones que pueden resultar costosas. El estudio que se realizo es de tipo descriptivo transversal, no experimental en una población de 216 mujeres que aceptaron formar parte del estudio y acudieron al subcentro tomando en cuenta los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, fue utilizada la técnica de ELISA que tiene una sensibilidad del 70 a 80% y especificidad del 99,5% además de ser una técnica de fácil manejo, sencilla y de alta reproductividad. Los
resultados obtenidos fueron los siguientes la seroprevalencia de Clamydia trachomatis, fue del 13,9% el grupo de mujeres que acudieron al subcentro de salud tuvieron un promedio de edad de 38,8 años y más de la mitad tenían educación superior en el estudio se encuentra una ligera asociación entre el grupo de 21 y 49 años con un O.R. de 1,2 que no es estadísticamente significativo se encuentra asociación entre el nivel de escolaridad superior con la seroprevalencia positiva para Clamydia trachomatis con un O.R. de 1,33 que no resultó ser estadísticamente significativo.
Chlamydia trachomatis, cause sexually transmitted diseases, especially in developing countries, and can also cause eye infection (conjunctivitis inclusion). In sexually active men, Chlamydia trachomatis cause non gonogococical urethritis and sometimes epididymitis. In women, Chlamydia trachomatis causes urethritis, cervicitis, and pelvic inflammatory disease, which can lead to infertility and ectopic pregnancy predispose; infant pneumonitis and lymphogranulomavenereum. The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in America is very diverse ranging from 8 to 38 % depending on the population studied and the method of diagnosis. Taking into account the above considerations, and the time of the presence of pathology research Chlamydia trachomatis by the city of Loja is determined that the record sheets used by the Ministry of Health as the EPI 1 and EPI 2 disease caused by Chlamydia trachomatis has not as individual pathology but it is registered in the group of other sexually transmitted diseases and there is no record or information about the presence of this disease. Therefore, in the present study was planned to carry out an investigation to determine: What is the seroprevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in women attending gynecological health in Sub-center "Hugo Guillermo Gonzales" in Loja, from June to August 2013. Making a timely identification in order to take preventive measures and avoid complications that can be costly. The study was conducted is a descriptive cross , not experimental in a population of 216 women who attended the subcentre taking into account the inclusion and exclusion criteria was used ELISA has a sensitivity of 70-80% and specificity 99.5% as well as being easy to use technique , simple and high reproducibility. The results obtained were as follows Chlamydia trachomatis seroprevalence was 13.9% the group of women who came to the health sub-center had a mean age of 38.8 years and more than half had higher education in the study is a light group association between 21 and 49 years with a OR 1.2 that there is not statistically significant association between higher education level with positive for Chlamydia trachomatis seroprevalence with an OR 1.33 which was not statistically significant.
Chlamydia trachomatis, cause sexually transmitted diseases, especially in developing countries, and can also cause eye infection (conjunctivitis inclusion). In sexually active men, Chlamydia trachomatis cause non gonogococical urethritis and sometimes epididymitis. In women, Chlamydia trachomatis causes urethritis, cervicitis, and pelvic inflammatory disease, which can lead to infertility and ectopic pregnancy predispose; infant pneumonitis and lymphogranulomavenereum. The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in America is very diverse ranging from 8 to 38 % depending on the population studied and the method of diagnosis. Taking into account the above considerations, and the time of the presence of pathology research Chlamydia trachomatis by the city of Loja is determined that the record sheets used by the Ministry of Health as the EPI 1 and EPI 2 disease caused by Chlamydia trachomatis has not as individual pathology but it is registered in the group of other sexually transmitted diseases and there is no record or information about the presence of this disease. Therefore, in the present study was planned to carry out an investigation to determine: What is the seroprevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in women attending gynecological health in Sub-center "Hugo Guillermo Gonzales" in Loja, from June to August 2013. Making a timely identification in order to take preventive measures and avoid complications that can be costly. The study was conducted is a descriptive cross , not experimental in a population of 216 women who attended the subcentre taking into account the inclusion and exclusion criteria was used ELISA has a sensitivity of 70-80% and specificity 99.5% as well as being easy to use technique , simple and high reproducibility. The results obtained were as follows Chlamydia trachomatis seroprevalence was 13.9% the group of women who came to the health sub-center had a mean age of 38.8 years and more than half had higher education in the study is a light group association between 21 and 49 years with a OR 1.2 that there is not statistically significant association between higher education level with positive for Chlamydia trachomatis seroprevalence with an OR 1.33 which was not statistically significant.
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Clamydia trachomatis, Método Elisa, Epidemiología descriptiva, Subcentro de Salud Hugo Guillermo González, Cantón Loja, Ecuador