Abandono de la lactancia materna en las madres del Centro de Salud Los Huerfanitos. Elaboración de un programa educativo
Fecha
2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
La lactancia materna exclusiva en los seis primeros meses de vida es considerada como
alimento esencial e insustituible para los niños, que de ser abandonada puede ocasionar
irreparables consecuencias para la salud del binomio madre- hijo, motivo por el cual se
decide realizar esta investigación cualitativa en el Centro de Salud “Los Huerfanitos”
donde existe alto índice de deserción de lactancia materna, utilizando un diseño
metodológico de estudio de caso con el objetivo de diseñar un programa educativo sobre la
importancia de la lactancia materna para el binomio madre e hijo que contribuya a evitar el
abandono de la lactancia materna en las madres del Centro de Salud “Los Huerfanitos” en
Guayaquil. La información teórica recopilada se obtuvo de fuentes científicas confiables
como investigaciones previas relacionadas con la problemática, libros e información
publicada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud y se aplicaron encuestas a las madres
del centro que abandonaron la lactancia según refirieron en las consultas postnatales. Esta
permitió identificar como los factores responsables de dicha conducta a los de índole
social, educativo y económico como desconocimiento la edad igual o menor a 18 años, el
estado civil soltera, la necesidad de incorporarse inmediatamente después del parto al
estudio o al trabajo, el desconocimiento de la importancia de la leche materna y de las
técnicas de lactar así como la falta de orientación postparto acerca del inicio y duración de
la lactancia y en menor medida a los factores biológicos como la producción tardía de
leche o la insuficiencia de esta para satisfacer las demandas del recién nacido. Lo que hizo
posible obtener la información necesaria para el diseño de un programa educativo que
contribuya a prevenir esta situación.
Exclusive breastfeeding in the first six months of life is considered as an essential and irreplaceable food for children, to be abandoned may cause irreparable consequences for the health of the mother binomial son, why it was decided to make this qualitative research Health Center "the little orphans" where high dropout rate of breastfeeding there, using a methodological design case study with the objective of designing an educational program on the importance of breastfeeding for the binomial mother and son contributes to avoid abandonment of breastfeeding in mothers Health Center "the orphans" in Guayaquil. The theoretical information gathered was obtained from reliable scientific sources as previous research related to the problem, books and information published by the World Health Organization and surveys were applied to mothers who abandoned nursing center as reported in the postnatal consultations. This allowed us to identify the factors responsible for such conduct to social, educational and economic nature as ignorance age equal to or less than 18 years, is single, the need to join immediately after delivery to study or work, ignorance of the importance of breast milk and techniques of breastfeeding and the lack of postpartum guidance on the initiation and duration of breastfeeding and to a lesser extent biological factors such as the late production of milk or the failure of this to meet the demands of a newborn. What made it possible to obtain the information needed to design an educational program that will help prevent this.
Exclusive breastfeeding in the first six months of life is considered as an essential and irreplaceable food for children, to be abandoned may cause irreparable consequences for the health of the mother binomial son, why it was decided to make this qualitative research Health Center "the little orphans" where high dropout rate of breastfeeding there, using a methodological design case study with the objective of designing an educational program on the importance of breastfeeding for the binomial mother and son contributes to avoid abandonment of breastfeeding in mothers Health Center "the orphans" in Guayaquil. The theoretical information gathered was obtained from reliable scientific sources as previous research related to the problem, books and information published by the World Health Organization and surveys were applied to mothers who abandoned nursing center as reported in the postnatal consultations. This allowed us to identify the factors responsible for such conduct to social, educational and economic nature as ignorance age equal to or less than 18 years, is single, the need to join immediately after delivery to study or work, ignorance of the importance of breast milk and techniques of breastfeeding and the lack of postpartum guidance on the initiation and duration of breastfeeding and to a lesser extent biological factors such as the late production of milk or the failure of this to meet the demands of a newborn. What made it possible to obtain the information needed to design an educational program that will help prevent this.
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LACTANCIA MATERNA, RECIEN NACIDO, PEDIATRIA, PROGRAMAS EDUCATIVOS, CENTRO DE SALUD LOS HUERFANITOS, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR