Salud bucal y su relación con el estado nutricional de escolares del Centro Educacional Atahualpa La Libertad 2012 - 2013 propuesta de medidas preventivas
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
El objetivo de esta investigación fue describir la asociación entre el estado nutricional y la salud oral de niños escolarizados con edades entre 5 y 9 años. Metodología: se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal con una muestra de 282 niños de edades entre 5 y 9 años. Para el análisis de datos se utilizaron distribuciones de frecuencia, se estimaron prevalencias, y medidas estadísticas de asociación, utilizando la prueba chi cuadrado como medida de significancia estadística. Resultados: Se encontró una ocurrencia de desnutrición del 2,5%; (IC al 95% de 1-5%). el 66,7% presentó un adecuado estado nutricional con IC al 95% (60,8-72,1), el 25,9% (IC al 95% 20,9-31,4) mostró cifras de Sobrepeso y el 5% (IC al 95% 2,7-8,2) presentó Obesidad. La patología oral más prevalente fue la caries dental con 70,9% (IC al 95% de 65,2-76,2%), posteriormente se encuentra la gingivopatía con 24,8% (IC al 95% de 23,2-34%), la paraodontopatía con 23% (IC al 95% de 18,3-28,4%) y por último con el 18,4% (IC al 95% de 14,1-23,5%) la mal oclusión dental. La gingivopatía fue el evento que presentó la mayor asociación estadística, mientras que entre las caries, la paraodontopatía y la mal oclusión no se mostró relación estadísticamente significativa con estados de malnutrición (por exceso o por defecto). Conclusión: no se determinó una asociación directa y significativa entre las patologías orales y la mala nutrición (por déficit o por exceso).
The objective of this research was to describe the association between nutritional status and oral health of schoolchildren aged 5 to 9 years. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study with a sample of 282 children aged between 5 and 9 years was performed. For data analysis we used frequency distributions, prevalences were estimated, and statistical measures of association, using the chi square test as a measure of statistical significance. Results: The occurrence of malnutrition of 2.5% was found ; ( 95% CI 1-5 %). 66.7 % had adequate nutritional status with 95% CI ( 60.8 to 72.1 ) , 25.9 % ( 95% CI 20.9 to 31.4 ) showed figures of Overweight and 5 % ( 95% CI 2.7 to 8.2 ) presented Obesity. The most prevalent pathology was caries with 70.9 % ( 95% CI 65.2 to 76.2 % of ) , then the gingivopatía with 24.8 % (CI is the 95% 23,2- 34 % ) , the paraodontopatía with 23 % ( 95% CI 18.3 to 28.4 % of ) and finally with 18.4 % ( 95% CI 14.1 to 23.5 % of ) the poor dental occlusion. The gingivopatía was the event that had the highest statistical association, while between cavities, paraodontopatía and malocclusion was no statistically significant relationship with states of malnutrition (by excess or defect ) was shown. Conclusion: a direct and significant association between oral diseases and malnutrition was not determined.
The objective of this research was to describe the association between nutritional status and oral health of schoolchildren aged 5 to 9 years. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study with a sample of 282 children aged between 5 and 9 years was performed. For data analysis we used frequency distributions, prevalences were estimated, and statistical measures of association, using the chi square test as a measure of statistical significance. Results: The occurrence of malnutrition of 2.5% was found ; ( 95% CI 1-5 %). 66.7 % had adequate nutritional status with 95% CI ( 60.8 to 72.1 ) , 25.9 % ( 95% CI 20.9 to 31.4 ) showed figures of Overweight and 5 % ( 95% CI 2.7 to 8.2 ) presented Obesity. The most prevalent pathology was caries with 70.9 % ( 95% CI 65.2 to 76.2 % of ) , then the gingivopatía with 24.8 % (CI is the 95% 23,2- 34 % ) , the paraodontopatía with 23 % ( 95% CI 18.3 to 28.4 % of ) and finally with 18.4 % ( 95% CI 14.1 to 23.5 % of ) the poor dental occlusion. The gingivopatía was the event that had the highest statistical association, while between cavities, paraodontopatía and malocclusion was no statistically significant relationship with states of malnutrition (by excess or defect ) was shown. Conclusion: a direct and significant association between oral diseases and malnutrition was not determined.
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PEDIATRIA, SALUD BUCAL, SALUD ESCOLAR, ESTADO NUTRICIONAL, CARIES DENTAL, GINGIVITIS, MALOCLUSION, PARADODONTOPATIA, CENTRO EDUCACIONAL ATAHUALPA, CANTON LA LIBERTAD, ECUADOR