Incidencia de oligohidramnio severo en embarazos de 37 a 41 semanas de gestación atendidas en el Hospital Dra. Matilde Hidalgo de Procel de marzo 2014 hasta febrero 2015
Fecha
2015
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Obstetricia
Resumen
El líquido amniótico constituye un elemento esencial del feto sin el su desarrollo, crecimiento y maduración serían imposibles. Las anomalías de volumen constituyen en potencia signos de alarma de enfermedad fetal o materna, principalmente el oligohidramnio severo, es decir en embarazos inmaduros o pretérminos aumenta mortalidad y la morbilidad fetal. El oligohidramnio presenta una incidencia de 0.5 a 10% de los embarazos, los peores resultados perinatales se presentan con un índice de líquido amniótico menor a 5 cc, como asfixia neonatal, muerte fetal, muerte neonatal. Lo he determinado con los resultados en pacientes con oligohidramnio severo en el Hospital Matilde Hidalgo de Procél. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, observacional, descriptivo y transversal, diseño de serie de casos. Los resultados obtenidos expresaron que la mayor incidencia en las edades de 21-25 años con un 37%, de 15-20 años con un 31%, 31-35 años con un 20% y del 26-30 años un 13%.Se observó que a pesar de recibir educación, las gestantes de escolaridad primaria registran una de frecuencia 37%, las gestantes con nivel secundaria 54%, las de nivel superior a pesar de conocer poco los riesgos obstétricos registraron 10%, y analfabetas con un 0%.Observamos que el factor de riesgo mayor en las gestantes es de 37semanas de gestación con 32%, 38semanas de gestación con un 23%, 39semanas de gestación con un 21%, de 40semanas de gestación con un 18% y de 41semanas de gestación con un 6%.De acuerdo a la paridadse observa que el factor de riesgo en las gestantes es en las nulíparas un 32%, en las primigestas con 38% y en las multíparas un 30%.De acuerdo al ILA observamos que el mayor porcentaje es 44% que corresponde a 2cm, 28% a 3cm, 1cm a 25% y el 0cm con 3%. Observamos que 7% de las pacientes no acudieron a sus controles prenatales durante su embarazo, el 23% acudieron de 1 a 3 controles, el 25% acudieron de 4 a 6 controles y el 45% acudieron de 7 a 10 controles
The amniotic fluid is an essential element without which fetal development, growth and maturation would be impossible. The abnormalities are potentially volume warning signs of fetal or maternal disease, especially severe oligohydramnios, with increased fetal mortality and morbidity. Oligohydramnio has an incidence of 0.5 to 10% of pregnancies; the worst perinatal outcomes are presented with a rate of less than 5 cc amniotic fluid, such as neonatal asphyxia, stillbirth, and neonatal death. I have determined the outcome in patients with severe oligohydramnios in Procél Hospital Matilde Hidalgo. A retrospective, observational, descriptive study, case series design was performed. The results stated that the highest incidence in the age of 21-25 years 37%, 15-20 years 31% 31-35 years 20% 26-30 years 13%. It was noted that despite receiving education, pregnant primary schooling have a 37% frequency, pregnant with secondary level 54%, the top level despite knowing little risk obstetric recorded 10% and illiterate with a 0 %. We note that the major risk factor in pregnant 37semanas gestation is 32%, 38semanas gestation with 23%, 39semanas gestation with 21% of gestation 40semanas 18% and a gestation 41semanas 6%. According to parity it shows that the risk factor is pregnant gilts 32% in primipara with 38% and 30% multiparous. According to the ILA we observed that the highest percentage is 44%, corresponding to 2cm, 3cm 28%, 1cm to 25% and 3% 0cm. We note that 7% of the patients did not attend prenatal checkups during pregnancy, 23% came from 1-3 controls, 25% came from 4-6 controls and 45% came from 7-10 controls.
The amniotic fluid is an essential element without which fetal development, growth and maturation would be impossible. The abnormalities are potentially volume warning signs of fetal or maternal disease, especially severe oligohydramnios, with increased fetal mortality and morbidity. Oligohydramnio has an incidence of 0.5 to 10% of pregnancies; the worst perinatal outcomes are presented with a rate of less than 5 cc amniotic fluid, such as neonatal asphyxia, stillbirth, and neonatal death. I have determined the outcome in patients with severe oligohydramnios in Procél Hospital Matilde Hidalgo. A retrospective, observational, descriptive study, case series design was performed. The results stated that the highest incidence in the age of 21-25 years 37%, 15-20 years 31% 31-35 years 20% 26-30 years 13%. It was noted that despite receiving education, pregnant primary schooling have a 37% frequency, pregnant with secondary level 54%, the top level despite knowing little risk obstetric recorded 10% and illiterate with a 0 %. We note that the major risk factor in pregnant 37semanas gestation is 32%, 38semanas gestation with 23%, 39semanas gestation with 21% of gestation 40semanas 18% and a gestation 41semanas 6%. According to parity it shows that the risk factor is pregnant gilts 32% in primipara with 38% and 30% multiparous. According to the ILA we observed that the highest percentage is 44%, corresponding to 2cm, 3cm 28%, 1cm to 25% and 3% 0cm. We note that 7% of the patients did not attend prenatal checkups during pregnancy, 23% came from 1-3 controls, 25% came from 4-6 controls and 45% came from 7-10 controls.
Descripción
PDF
Palabras clave
Embarazo, Oligohidramnios, Líquido amniótico, Anomalías, Hospital Materno Infantil Dra. Matilde Hidalgo de Procel, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador