Conocimientos y aptitudes de médicos generales e internistas en el manejo de nefropatía diabética
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2015
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
La principal causa de Enfermedad Renal Crónica y su estadio terminal es la diabetes; que la detección y tratamiento temprano de la nefropatía diabética retrasa su progresión y mejora los desenlaces. Se ha descrito que el nivel de aptitud clínica de los médicos familiares influye en el manejo adecuado de los pacientes con nefropatía diabética y que su capacitación mejora el manejo de los pacientes con nefropatía diabética. En Ecuador no se ha descrito el nivel de conocimiento de los médicos generales e internistas respecto a la nefropatía diabética.
Materiales y Métodos: El presente estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal, se realizó con el propósito de medir el nivel de conocimiento de los médicos generales e internistas del Hospital Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón respecto a la nefropatía diabética y su manejo adecuado, la perspectiva de la importancia de la temática y su predisposición a la capacitación; se utilizó un cuestionario elaborado bajo la supervisión, análisis, valoración y corrección directa del tutor de tesis, aplicable a un universo de 57 médicos; de forma anónima previo consentimiento verbal. Se usó un sistema de puntuación de 0 a 20 y posterior estratificación en una escala ordinal de niveles de conocimiento.
Resultados: Hubo 45 participantes de los 57 posibles, 39 médicos generales y 6 internistas, 38 con < 10 años de profesión y 7 con > de 10 años de profesión. La media fue de 11,7 puntos, mediana de 12 puntos, con desviación estándar de 2. Según la estratificación, el 20% de los participantes tienen un nivel bajo de conocimiento, el 77,8% un nivel de conocimiento regular, y solo el 2,6% se registró con un nivel de conocimiento alto.
El 33,3% de médicos con la especialidad de medicina interna presenta un bajo nivel de conocimiento en comparación con el 18% de médicos que no poseen la especialidad; el 79,4% de médicos sin la especialidad presentan un nivel regular de conocimiento en comparación con el 66,7% de los médicos que si la tienen; el único participante en la categoría alto nivel de conocimiento no ostenta la especialidad de medicina interna. El 28,6% de médicos con > 10 años de profesión tienen un nivel bajo de conocimiento en comparación con el 18,4% de médicos con < 10 años de profesión; el 78,6% de los médicos con < 10 años de profesión tienen un nivel de conocimiento regular en comparación con el 71.4% de los médicos con > 10 años de ejercicio profesional. La percepción de la importancia de la temática fue de importante, muy importante e imprescindible; solo el 2,2% (1 participante) no está dispuesto a capacitarse.
The main cause of chronic kidney disease and end stage is diabetes; early detection and treatment of diabetic nephropathy slows its progression and improves outcomes. It has been reported that the level of clinical competence of family physicians influence the proper management of patients with diabetic nephropathy and its training improves management of patients with diabetic nephropathy. In Ecuador it has not described the level of knowledge of general and internal medicine regarding diabetic nephropathy. Materials and Methods: This observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, was performed in order to measure the level of knowledge of general practitioners and internists Hospital Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón regarding diabetic nephropathy and its proper management, perspective of the importance of the issue and willingness to training; a questionnaire prepared under the supervision, analysis, evaluation and direct correction thesis advisor, applicable to a universe of 57 doctors was used; anonymously previous verbal consent. A scoring system was used for 0 to 20 and further stratification on an ordinal scale of levels of knowledge. Results: There were 45 participants from the 57 possible, 39 general practitioners and 6 internists, 38 <10 years of profession and 7> 10 years of occupation. The average was 11.7 points, median 12 points, with standard deviation of 2. According stratification, 20% of participants have a low level of knowledge, 77.8% regular knowledge level, and only 2.6% was recorded with a higher level of knowledge. 33.3% of doctors specializing in internal medicine has a low level of knowledge compared with 18% who do not have medical specialty; 79.4% of physicians without specialty have a regular level of knowledge compared to 66.7% of physicians that if they do; the only participant in the high level of knowledge category does not hold the specialty of internal medicine. 28.6% of doctors with> 10 years in the profession have a low level of knowledge compared with 18.4% of physicians <10 years in the profession; 78.6% of physicians <10 years in the profession have a regular knowledge level compared to 71.4% of physicians with> 10 years of practice. The perception of the importance of the issue was important, very important and indispensable; only 2.2% (1 participant) is not willing to train
The main cause of chronic kidney disease and end stage is diabetes; early detection and treatment of diabetic nephropathy slows its progression and improves outcomes. It has been reported that the level of clinical competence of family physicians influence the proper management of patients with diabetic nephropathy and its training improves management of patients with diabetic nephropathy. In Ecuador it has not described the level of knowledge of general and internal medicine regarding diabetic nephropathy. Materials and Methods: This observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, was performed in order to measure the level of knowledge of general practitioners and internists Hospital Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón regarding diabetic nephropathy and its proper management, perspective of the importance of the issue and willingness to training; a questionnaire prepared under the supervision, analysis, evaluation and direct correction thesis advisor, applicable to a universe of 57 doctors was used; anonymously previous verbal consent. A scoring system was used for 0 to 20 and further stratification on an ordinal scale of levels of knowledge. Results: There were 45 participants from the 57 possible, 39 general practitioners and 6 internists, 38 <10 years of profession and 7> 10 years of occupation. The average was 11.7 points, median 12 points, with standard deviation of 2. According stratification, 20% of participants have a low level of knowledge, 77.8% regular knowledge level, and only 2.6% was recorded with a higher level of knowledge. 33.3% of doctors specializing in internal medicine has a low level of knowledge compared with 18% who do not have medical specialty; 79.4% of physicians without specialty have a regular level of knowledge compared to 66.7% of physicians that if they do; the only participant in the high level of knowledge category does not hold the specialty of internal medicine. 28.6% of doctors with> 10 years in the profession have a low level of knowledge compared with 18.4% of physicians <10 years in the profession; 78.6% of physicians <10 years in the profession have a regular knowledge level compared to 71.4% of physicians with> 10 years of practice. The perception of the importance of the issue was important, very important and indispensable; only 2.2% (1 participant) is not willing to train
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Nefropatías diabéticas, Diabetes mellitus, Epidemiología descriptiva, Hospital de Especialidades Guayaquil Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Internado y residencia, Conocimientos, actitudes y práctica en salud