Causas y factores de riesgo en el retardo del crecimiento intrauterino en pacientes de 20 y 30 años de edad en el Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor desde mayo del 2015 a febrero del 2016
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Obstetricia
Resumen
Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo para lo cual se revisaron los expedientes clínicos, utilizando una hoja cuestionario de recolección de datos, que indagaba información relacionada con el objetivo; Causas y factores de riesgo en el retardo del crecimiento intrauterino en pacientes de 20 y 30 años de edad en el hospital GinecoObstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor desde Mayo del 2015 a Febrero del 2016. Para el análisis estadístico de los datos se utilizaron frecuencia y porcentaje. El universo estuvo conformado por un total de 100 expedientes clínicos escogidos al azar con diagnostico de retardo del crecimiento intrauterino, mientras de la muestra estuvo representada por un total de 90 expedientes clínicos con diagnostico de retardo del crecimiento intrauterino. Los resultados muestran que en relación con los factores médicos anteriores la mayor frecuencia 21,71%(61) estuvo en los antecedentes de retardo del crecimiento intrauterino, mientras en los factores de riesgo médicos del embarazo actual: un 54,44%(49) con intervalo intergenesico corto < de 24 meses, un 62,22% (56) estuvo con Pre-eclampsia/Eclampsia y un 72,22%(65) contaron con controles prenatales. En relación a los factores de riesgo socio demográficos: el 67,77%(61) perteneció a la zona urbano, el 50%(45) con instrucción primaria, el 65,55%(59) de etnia mestiza y a la relación de pareja un 51,11%(46) estuvo con pareja. En los factores de riesgos ambientales: un 84,44%(76) no tuvieron hábitos al tabaco/alcohol. Y en los factores de riesgo fetales: un 72,22%(65) sin gestaciones múltiples y un 81,11%(73) sin anomalías cromosómicas.
A retrospective study, for which medical records were reviewed, was conducted using a questionnaire data collection sheet, which inquired information related to the objective; Causes and risk factors in intrauterine growth retardation in patients 20 and 30 years old at the Obstetric-Gynecologic Hospital Enrique C. Sotomayor from May 2015 to February 2016. For statistical analysis of the data frequency and percentage they were used. The universe consisted of a total of 100 randomly selected medical records with a diagnosis of intrauterine growth retardation, while the sample was represented by a total of 90 clinical cases with diagnosis of intrauterine growth retardation. The results show that relative to previous medical factors most frequently 21.71% (61) was in the history of intrauterine growth retardation, while medical risk factors of current pregnancy: A 54.44% (49) with short birth interval <24 months, 62.22% (56) was with Pre-eclampsia / eclampsia and 72.22% (65) they counted on prenatal checkups. Regarding the sociodemographic risk factors: 67.77% (61) belonged to the urban area, 50% (45) with primary instruction, 65.55% (59) of mixed ethnicity and relationship 51.11% one (46) was with partner. In environmental risk factors: A 84.44% (76) had no habits snuff / alcohol. And fetal risk factors: A 72.22% (65) without multiple gestations and 81.11% (73) without chromosomal abnormalities.
A retrospective study, for which medical records were reviewed, was conducted using a questionnaire data collection sheet, which inquired information related to the objective; Causes and risk factors in intrauterine growth retardation in patients 20 and 30 years old at the Obstetric-Gynecologic Hospital Enrique C. Sotomayor from May 2015 to February 2016. For statistical analysis of the data frequency and percentage they were used. The universe consisted of a total of 100 randomly selected medical records with a diagnosis of intrauterine growth retardation, while the sample was represented by a total of 90 clinical cases with diagnosis of intrauterine growth retardation. The results show that relative to previous medical factors most frequently 21.71% (61) was in the history of intrauterine growth retardation, while medical risk factors of current pregnancy: A 54.44% (49) with short birth interval <24 months, 62.22% (56) was with Pre-eclampsia / eclampsia and 72.22% (65) they counted on prenatal checkups. Regarding the sociodemographic risk factors: 67.77% (61) belonged to the urban area, 50% (45) with primary instruction, 65.55% (59) of mixed ethnicity and relationship 51.11% one (46) was with partner. In environmental risk factors: A 84.44% (76) had no habits snuff / alcohol. And fetal risk factors: A 72.22% (65) without multiple gestations and 81.11% (73) without chromosomal abnormalities.
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Retardo del crecimiento fetal, Factores de riesgo, Causalidad, Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador