Identificación del parásito Cryptosporidium sp. en caracoles Lissachatina fulica en las provincias del Guayas y Los Ríos, Ecuador
Fecha
2014
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
Con el objetivo de determinar la presencia del parásito Cryptosporidium sp. en heces de caracoles terrestres del género Lissachatina fulica a través de las técnicas de tinción, se realizó un estudio en la provincia del Guayas y Los Ríos en Ecuador. El número de muestras fue determinado por el método aleatorio realizándose la recolección en días alternados durante la estación lluviosa (Diciembre a Mayo). Se recolectó 411 ejemplares vivos que fueron ubicados en recipientes ad hoc con el fin de obtener el material fecal del
caracol L. fulica. La detección e identificación del parásito se realizó a través de un análisis
coprológico parasitario, utilizando muestras frescas, que fueron analizadas con las técnicas de tinción Ziehl Neelsen modificada, Safranina – Azul de metileno y Giemsa.
De la totalidad de caracoles Gigantes Africanos recolectados en las provincias del Guayas y Los Ríos, el 48,2% corresponde a muestras positivas para la técnica de Ziehl Neelsen modificada, el 17.8% para técnica Giemsa y 14.1% para la técnica de Safranina – Azul de Metileno. Con respecto a la evaluación de las técnicas de tinción los resultados fueron
analizados estadísticamente mediante el método de ANOVA, demostrando que existe una diferencia significativa (p<0,05) entre las técnicas aplicadas. En los resultados obtenidos se destaca la técnica Ziehl Neelsen modificada que demuestra mejor desempeño en la detección de ooquistes Cryptosporidium sp. en relación con las otras dos empleadas.
El Cryptosporidium sp. se encuentra permanentemente interactuando con el medio ambiente y hospederos, su aparición en el caracol como reservorio natural estaría participando en la diseminación de esta parasitosis en diferentes zonas urbanas y rurales, relacionadas principalmente con la época lluviosa de las provincias estudiadas.
With the aim of determining the presence of Cryptosporidium sp. stool of land snails of the genus Lissachatina fulica through staining techniques, a study was conducted in the province of Guayas and Los Ríos in Ecuador. The number of samples was determined by the random collection method performed on alternate days during the rainy season (December to May). 411 live specimens were placed in ad hoc containers to obtain the fecal material collected L. fulica snail. The detection and identification of the parasite was performed through a parasitic stool analysis, using fresh samples, which were analyzed with Ziehl Neelsen staining techniques modified, Safranina - methylene blue and Giemsa. Of all Giant African snails collected in the provinces of Guayas and Los Rios, 48.2% were positive for Ziehl Neelsen modified samples, 17.8% to 14.1% and Giemsa technique for technique Safranina - Methylene blue. With regard to the evaluation of staining techniques the results were statistically analyzed using ANOVA method demonstrating that there is a significant difference (p<0.05) between the applied techniques. The results obtained Ziehl Neelsen modified technique showing better performance in the detection of Cryptosporidium sp. oocysts stands in relation to the other two employees. Cryptosporidium sp. is constantly interacting with the environment and host, its appearance in the snail as natural reservoir would be participating in the dissemination of this parasite in different urban and rural areas, mainly related to the rainy season of the provinces studied.
With the aim of determining the presence of Cryptosporidium sp. stool of land snails of the genus Lissachatina fulica through staining techniques, a study was conducted in the province of Guayas and Los Ríos in Ecuador. The number of samples was determined by the random collection method performed on alternate days during the rainy season (December to May). 411 live specimens were placed in ad hoc containers to obtain the fecal material collected L. fulica snail. The detection and identification of the parasite was performed through a parasitic stool analysis, using fresh samples, which were analyzed with Ziehl Neelsen staining techniques modified, Safranina - methylene blue and Giemsa. Of all Giant African snails collected in the provinces of Guayas and Los Rios, 48.2% were positive for Ziehl Neelsen modified samples, 17.8% to 14.1% and Giemsa technique for technique Safranina - Methylene blue. With regard to the evaluation of staining techniques the results were statistically analyzed using ANOVA method demonstrating that there is a significant difference (p<0.05) between the applied techniques. The results obtained Ziehl Neelsen modified technique showing better performance in the detection of Cryptosporidium sp. oocysts stands in relation to the other two employees. Cryptosporidium sp. is constantly interacting with the environment and host, its appearance in the snail as natural reservoir would be participating in the dissemination of this parasite in different urban and rural areas, mainly related to the rainy season of the provinces studied.