Estudio comparativo de polifenoles totales y actividad antioxidante en extractos acuoso y etanólico de la cáscara de la fruta Salacca zalacca (salak)
Fecha
2020
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
Resumen
La fruta S. zalacca, conocida como ´´piel de serpiente’’ por su corteza escamosa, es una fruta procedente de Indonesia, originaria de la familia Arecaceae. Durante los últimos decenios, la obesidad y el sobrepeso, y las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles asociadas han aumentado progresivamente en todos los grupos etarios y se han convertido en la causa principal de muerte y discapacidad en la Región de las Américas. La importancia de las frutas tropicales exóticas radica en el potencial nutricional que puede llegar a tener, sustitución de frutas tradicionales, aumento en la producción y cuidado de estas frutas. Por lo cual en el trabajo se tuvo interés en determinar valor nutricional, presencia de grupos fitoquímicos y polifenoles totales, así como la actividad antioxidante en los extractos acuoso y etanólico de la cáscara del Salacca zalacca. El contenido de humedad y cenizas fue 71,9% y 1,86% respectivamente, proteína total 0,97%, carbohidratos totales 1,24%, fibra total 15,63% y lípidos 1,04%. El tamizaje fitoquímico preliminar determinó la presencia de taninos y/o fenoles, flavonoides, azúcares reductores, saponinas; llamando la atención la presencia de alcaloides. El contenido de polifenoles totales se determinó mediante el método Folin- Ciocalteu y la actividad antioxidante mediante un método muy usado basado en la estabilidad del radical 1,1-difenil-2-picrilhidrazil conocido como ensayo de DPPH. Los resultados obtenidos fueron polifenoles totales 270 mg EAG/ 100 g en extracto acuoso y 80 mg EAG/ 100 g en el extracto etanólico, no presento actividad antioxidante en extracto acuoso y etanólico.
S. zalacca fruit, known as “snake skin” for its flaky crust, is a fruit from Indonesia, native to the Arecaceae family. Over the past decades, obesity and overweight, and associated chronic noncommunicable diseases have progressively increased in all age groups and have become the leading cause of death and disability in the Region of the Americas. The importance of exotic tropical fruits lies in the nutritional potential they may have, replacing traditional fruits, increasing the production and care of these fruits. Therefore, in the work there was interest in determining nutritional value, presence of phytochemical groups and total polyphenols, as well as its antioxidant activity in the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the shell of Salacca zalacca. The Moisture and Ashes content was 71,49% and 1,86% respectively, total protein 0,97%, total carbohydrates 1,24%, total fiber 15,63% and lipids 1,04%. The preliminary phytochemical screening determined the presence of tannins and / or phenols, flavonoids, reducing sugars, saponins; calling attention to the presence of alkaloids. The content of total polyphenols was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and the antioxidant activity by a widely used method based on the stability of the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrilhydrazil radical known as the DPPH assay. The results obtained were total polyphenols 270 mg EAG / 100 g in aqueous extract and 80 mg EAG / 100 g in ethanolic extract. I do not present antioxidant activity in aqueous extract and ethanolic extract.
S. zalacca fruit, known as “snake skin” for its flaky crust, is a fruit from Indonesia, native to the Arecaceae family. Over the past decades, obesity and overweight, and associated chronic noncommunicable diseases have progressively increased in all age groups and have become the leading cause of death and disability in the Region of the Americas. The importance of exotic tropical fruits lies in the nutritional potential they may have, replacing traditional fruits, increasing the production and care of these fruits. Therefore, in the work there was interest in determining nutritional value, presence of phytochemical groups and total polyphenols, as well as its antioxidant activity in the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the shell of Salacca zalacca. The Moisture and Ashes content was 71,49% and 1,86% respectively, total protein 0,97%, total carbohydrates 1,24%, total fiber 15,63% and lipids 1,04%. The preliminary phytochemical screening determined the presence of tannins and / or phenols, flavonoids, reducing sugars, saponins; calling attention to the presence of alkaloids. The content of total polyphenols was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and the antioxidant activity by a widely used method based on the stability of the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrilhydrazil radical known as the DPPH assay. The results obtained were total polyphenols 270 mg EAG / 100 g in aqueous extract and 80 mg EAG / 100 g in ethanolic extract. I do not present antioxidant activity in aqueous extract and ethanolic extract.
Descripción
Pdf
Palabras clave
POLIFENOLES TOTALES, ACTIVIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE, TAMIZAJE FITOQUÍMICO PRELIMINAR, S. ZALACCA, MÉTODO FOLIN-CIOCALTEU, MÉTODO DPPH