Los movimientos migratorios internos del Ecuador: Caso asentamientos humanos irregulares en Guayaquil. período 1950-2018
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2020-04
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Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
La presente tesis parte con un análisis de los principales aspectos demográficos del Ecuador, del periodo de 1950 a 2018, toma en cuenta el índice de masculinidad y pirámides poblacionales, tablas y gráficos, todo hecho a partir de datos obtenidos de fuentes oficiales, principalmente de la CEPAL y del INEC. Además, se ofrecen diversas causas que originan la migración en el ámbito nacional, con sus respectivos efectos, dicho análisis servirá de referencia para poder alcanzar el objetivo general de la investigación, que consiste en explicar y conocer el desarrollo demográfico de Guayaquil a través de la evolución y crecimientos de sus asentamientos humanos, que nacen como asentamientos irregulares en su periferia y que con el tiempo se consolidan en sectores populares y propios de la ciudad. Se maneja la siguiente hipótesis “la migración interna genera los asentamientos humanos irregulares en Guayaquil debido al desarrollo desigual entre las áreas/regiones del país”. Para dar respuesta a las interrogantes surgidas en el proceso de investigación se utilizó el método deductivo, explicativo, apoyado con reseñas históricas de la ciudad. Los resultados encontrados indican que la hipótesis se ajusta, especialmente, en el periodo del auge bananero e inicios de la explotación petrolera en el país, época en la cual la ciudad acoge mayor cantidad de asentamientos humanos, actualmente los movimientos migratorios están más orientados hacia el exterior o reforzando el concepto de distrito metropolitano de Guayaquil. Por último se hace una propuesta.
This thesis starts with an analysis of the main demographic aspects of Ecuador, at the period from 1950 to 2018, takes into account the index of masculinity and population pyramids, tables and graphs, all made from data obtained from official sources, mainly from CEPAL and INEC. In addition, various causes that give rise to migration at the national level are offered, with their respective effects, this analysis will serve as a reference to achieve the general objective of the investigation, which consists in explaining and knowing the demographic development of Guayaquil through the evolution and growth of its human settlements, that are born as irregular settlements in its periphery and that over time consolidate in popular and proper sectors of the city. The following hypothesis is handled “internal migration generates irregular human settlements in Guayaquil due to uneven development between areas/regions of the country”. To answer the questions raised in the research process, the deductive, explanatory method was used, supported by historical reviews of the city. The results found indicate that the hypothesis is adjusted, especially in the period of the banana boom and the beginning of oil exploitation in the country, at which time the city hosts more human settlements, currently the migratory movements are more oriented towards outside or reinforcing the concept of the metropolitan district of Guayaquil. Finally a proposal is made
This thesis starts with an analysis of the main demographic aspects of Ecuador, at the period from 1950 to 2018, takes into account the index of masculinity and population pyramids, tables and graphs, all made from data obtained from official sources, mainly from CEPAL and INEC. In addition, various causes that give rise to migration at the national level are offered, with their respective effects, this analysis will serve as a reference to achieve the general objective of the investigation, which consists in explaining and knowing the demographic development of Guayaquil through the evolution and growth of its human settlements, that are born as irregular settlements in its periphery and that over time consolidate in popular and proper sectors of the city. The following hypothesis is handled “internal migration generates irregular human settlements in Guayaquil due to uneven development between areas/regions of the country”. To answer the questions raised in the research process, the deductive, explanatory method was used, supported by historical reviews of the city. The results found indicate that the hypothesis is adjusted, especially in the period of the banana boom and the beginning of oil exploitation in the country, at which time the city hosts more human settlements, currently the migratory movements are more oriented towards outside or reinforcing the concept of the metropolitan district of Guayaquil. Finally a proposal is made
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DEMOGRAFÍA DEL ECUADOR, DEMOGRAFÍA DE GUAYAQUIL, DESARROLLO URBANO, ASENTAMIENTOS HUMANOS