Evaluación de la calidad del agua del Estero Salado zona puente Gómez Rendón en Guayaquil durante los años 2017 y 2020
Fecha
2020
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
Resumen
La calidad de aguas del Estero Salado constantemente ha sufrido deterioro a causa de la presencia de desechos domésticos, urbanos e industriales, estos factores han causado el aumento de contaminantes que ponen en riesgo la preservación de la vida acuática y silvestre del estuario. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar cada uno de los parámetros físicos, químicos y microbiológicos indicadores de la condición actual del estero en la zona del puente Gómez Rendón en la ciudad de Guayaquil, comparar dichos datos con análisis realizados en el mismo lugar y saber si cumplen o no con las especificaciones del Anexo I del TULSMA: Norma de calidad ambiental y de descarga de efluentes: recurso agua. El método de investigación del proyecto es científico, descriptivo-cuantitativo, se realizó en septiembre del 2020 determinando algunos parámetros como: temperatura, pH, salinidad, conductividad, turbidez, sólidos totales disueltos, materiales flotantes, aceites y grasas, nitratos, fosfatos, oxígeno disuelto, demanda química de oxígeno, demanda bioquímica de oxígeno, coliformes fecales y totales. Algunos parámetros no cumplen con las especificaciones como el OD: 50% y Coliformes fecales: 2.4X106 NMP/100ml, otros como el DQO, DBO, no entran en la norma técnica ambiental revisada, pero son indicadores de una alta contaminación de las aguas del estero Salado.
The water quality of the Estero Salado has constantly deteriorated due to the presence of domestic, urban and industrial wastes, these factors have caused an increase in pollutants that put the preservation of the aquatic and wild life of the estuary at risk. The objective of this study is to analyze each of the physical, chemical and microbiological parameters that indicate the current condition of the estuary in the area of the Gómez Rendón bridge in the city of Guayaquil, compare said data with analyzes carried out in the same place and know if comply or not with the specifications of Annex I of TULSMA: Environmental quality standard and effluent discharge: water resource. The research method of the project is scientific, descriptive - quantitative, it was carried out in September 2020 determining some parameters such as: temperature, pH, salinity, conductivity, turbidity, total dissolved solids, floating materials, oils and fats, nitrates, phosphates, oxygen dissolved, chemical oxygen demand, biochemica l oxygen demand, fecal and total coliforms. Some parameters do not comply with the specifications such as DO: 50% and Fecal Coliforms: 2.4X106 NMP / 100ml, others such as COD, BOD, do not fall within the revised environmental technical standard, but are indicators of high contamination of the waters of the Salado estuary.
The water quality of the Estero Salado has constantly deteriorated due to the presence of domestic, urban and industrial wastes, these factors have caused an increase in pollutants that put the preservation of the aquatic and wild life of the estuary at risk. The objective of this study is to analyze each of the physical, chemical and microbiological parameters that indicate the current condition of the estuary in the area of the Gómez Rendón bridge in the city of Guayaquil, compare said data with analyzes carried out in the same place and know if comply or not with the specifications of Annex I of TULSMA: Environmental quality standard and effluent discharge: water resource. The research method of the project is scientific, descriptive - quantitative, it was carried out in September 2020 determining some parameters such as: temperature, pH, salinity, conductivity, turbidity, total dissolved solids, floating materials, oils and fats, nitrates, phosphates, oxygen dissolved, chemical oxygen demand, biochemica l oxygen demand, fecal and total coliforms. Some parameters do not comply with the specifications such as DO: 50% and Fecal Coliforms: 2.4X106 NMP / 100ml, others such as COD, BOD, do not fall within the revised environmental technical standard, but are indicators of high contamination of the waters of the Salado estuary.
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CALIDAD DEL AGUA, CONTAMINANTES DE AGUA, ESTERO SALADO