Determinación de la calidad microbiana del agua usada para consumo humano en el sector Ciudad de Dios del Cantón Guayaquil
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2020
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
Resumen
En el presente trabajo de investigación se realizó la determinación de la calidad microbiológica del agua en el Sector “Ciudad de Dios” ubicado al Noroeste del Cantón Guayaquil debido a que es considerado un lugar vulnerable y no cuenta con uno de los principales servicios básicos como es el agua, sabiendo que existe el riesgo de contraer enfermedades gastrointestinales producto de consumo de agua contaminada, afectando con mayor frecuencia en niños y adultos mayores; para el análisis se tomaron 25 muestras del sector las cuales 20 fueron de diferentes viviendas y 5 de distintos transportes de agua utilizando la técnica de tubos Múltiples por NMP para coliformes fecales y Escherichia coli; aerobios totales por recuento de siembra en placas y Pseudomonas aeruginosa por siembra en agar cetrimida. En los resultados obtenidos durante el análisis microbiológico realizado para muestras de agua en hogares, se observó la presencia de coliformes fecales, Escherichia coli y aerobios totales, mientras que en las muestras recolectadas de los transportes que distribuyen agua en el sector, dieron resultados que están bajo los límites máximos permisibles establecidos como requisito para la determinación de calidad del agua potable, por lo que se concluye que la contaminación se da en los reservorios de cada una de las viviendas debido a sus distintas manipulación, almacenamiento y demás factores externos.
In the actual research work the determination of the microbiological quality of the water was carried out in “Ciudad de Dios” that is located in the northwest of Guayaquil city because it is considered a vulnerable place and does not have a series of main basic services such as water Knowing that there is a risk of contracting gastrointestinal diseases due to the consumption of contaminated water affecting more frequently in children and the elderly; in the analysis, 25 samples were taken 20 from different dwellings and 5 from different water tranports, using the multiple tubes technique by NMP for fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli; total aerobes by plating count an Pseudomonas aeuruginosa by plating on cetrimide agar. The results obtained during the microbiological analysis carried out in the water samples in homes the presence of fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli and total aerobes was observed, while in the samples collected from the transport that distribute water in the sector, the results show microbiological counts that are below the for the máximum permissible limits established as a requirement for the determination of drinking water quality, which is why this research conclued that contamination oscurs in the reservoirs of each of the houses due to their different handling, storage and other external factors.
In the actual research work the determination of the microbiological quality of the water was carried out in “Ciudad de Dios” that is located in the northwest of Guayaquil city because it is considered a vulnerable place and does not have a series of main basic services such as water Knowing that there is a risk of contracting gastrointestinal diseases due to the consumption of contaminated water affecting more frequently in children and the elderly; in the analysis, 25 samples were taken 20 from different dwellings and 5 from different water tranports, using the multiple tubes technique by NMP for fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli; total aerobes by plating count an Pseudomonas aeuruginosa by plating on cetrimide agar. The results obtained during the microbiological analysis carried out in the water samples in homes the presence of fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli and total aerobes was observed, while in the samples collected from the transport that distribute water in the sector, the results show microbiological counts that are below the for the máximum permissible limits established as a requirement for the determination of drinking water quality, which is why this research conclued that contamination oscurs in the reservoirs of each of the houses due to their different handling, storage and other external factors.
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CALIDAD DEL AGUA, MICROORGANISMOS PATÓGENOS, COLIFORMES, NMP