Evaluación del valor nutricional del fruto de la especie Eugenia stipitata Mc Vaugh (arazá) de diferentes orígenes
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2020
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
Resumen
El presente trabajo de investigación estuvo enfocado en la evaluación del contenido nutricional de los frutos de arazá de diferentes orígenes, mediante la revisión de datos, sustentado en un estudio bibliográfico y experimental, con el objetivo de demostrar su valor nutricional y justificar su inclusión en la dieta del ser humano como fuente segura de alimentación. En la primera etapa, correspondiente al estudio bibliográfico se recopiló información acerca las características físicas y fisicoquímicas de la especie en cuestión, haciendo énfasis en la variabilidad existente en cuanto a su tamaño y peso. La literatura señala que la especie en estudio posee una considerable actividad antioxidante, con un contenido en carotenoides superior al de otras frutas reconocidas como ricas en antioxidantes. Sin embargo, los aspectos nutricionales más predominantes en esta especie amazónica hacen referencia al contenido de proteínas, vitaminas (A, B1 y C) y minerales, entre los que se destaca el potasio. Por otra parte, para el estudio experimental se procuró el análisis de la fruta local, empleándose métodos oficiales de la AOAC para la determinación de los parámetros físicos, fisicoquímicos y nutricionales (proteínas y minerales), mientras que para conocer su grado de aceptación se realizó un análisis sensorial. Finalmente, se confrontó la literatura con los resultados experimentales, donde se evidenció que cada uno de los parámetros evaluados correspondían a los reportados por los diferentes estudios bibliográficos, destacando la composición mineral de Eugenia stipitata McVaugh debido a la presencia de potasio como elemento mayoritario con un promedio de 1672 mg/kg. Con los resultados alcanzados se demuestra el importante valor nutricional proporcionado por la especie Eugenia stiptitata McVaugh, y su potencial contribución a la salud del ser humano.
The present research work was focused on the evaluation of the nutritional content of arazá fruits of different origins, by reviewing data, supported by a bibliographic and experimental study, with the main objective of demonstrating its nutritional value and justifying its inclusion in the human diet as a safe source of food. In the first stage, corresponding to the bibliographic study, information was collected about the physical and physicochemical characteristics of the species in question, emphasizing the existing variability in terms of its size and weight. The literature indicates that the species under study has considerable antioxidant activity, with a higher carotenoid content than other fruits recognized as rich in antioxidants. However, the most predominant nutritional aspects in this Amazonian species refer to the content of proteins, vitamins (A, B1 and C) and minerals, among which potassium stands out. On the other hand, for the experimental study, the analysis of the local fruit was sought, using official AOAC methods to determine the physical, physicochemical and nutritional parameters (proteins and minerals), while a sensory analysis was carried out to know their degree of acceptance. Finally, the literature was confronted with the experimental results, where it was evidenced that each of the evaluated parameters corresponded to those reported by the different bibliographic studies, highlighting the mineral composition of Eugenia stipitata McVaugh due to the presence of potassium as the majority element with a average 1672 mg/kg. The results achieved demonstrate the important nutritional value provided by the Eugenia stiptitata McVaugh species, and its potential contribution to human health.
The present research work was focused on the evaluation of the nutritional content of arazá fruits of different origins, by reviewing data, supported by a bibliographic and experimental study, with the main objective of demonstrating its nutritional value and justifying its inclusion in the human diet as a safe source of food. In the first stage, corresponding to the bibliographic study, information was collected about the physical and physicochemical characteristics of the species in question, emphasizing the existing variability in terms of its size and weight. The literature indicates that the species under study has considerable antioxidant activity, with a higher carotenoid content than other fruits recognized as rich in antioxidants. However, the most predominant nutritional aspects in this Amazonian species refer to the content of proteins, vitamins (A, B1 and C) and minerals, among which potassium stands out. On the other hand, for the experimental study, the analysis of the local fruit was sought, using official AOAC methods to determine the physical, physicochemical and nutritional parameters (proteins and minerals), while a sensory analysis was carried out to know their degree of acceptance. Finally, the literature was confronted with the experimental results, where it was evidenced that each of the evaluated parameters corresponded to those reported by the different bibliographic studies, highlighting the mineral composition of Eugenia stipitata McVaugh due to the presence of potassium as the majority element with a average 1672 mg/kg. The results achieved demonstrate the important nutritional value provided by the Eugenia stiptitata McVaugh species, and its potential contribution to human health.
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EUGENIA STIPITATA, MINERALES, DIETA, NUTRIENTES, VALOR NUTRICIONAL