Complicaciones del tratamiento a largo plazo con metformina, en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 estudio realizado en el Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo período enero 2017 a diciembre del 2019
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2020
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
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Introducción: La Metformina es el antidiabético, que con mayor frecuencia es utilizado para el tratamiento, por su costoefectividad. Se ha demostrado que la metformina, además, causa malabsorción de la vitamina B12 y, por tanto, provoca su deficiencia. La metformina influye en diferente grado en la probabilidad de causar hepatotoxicidad .Y que una de las complicaciones con mayor mortalidad, es la acidosis láctica. Objetivo: Definir las diferentes complicaciones del tratamiento a largo plazo con metformina en pacientes con DM2, encontrados en el área de endocrinología, en el periodo de estudio en el Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo. Metodología: Se realiza un trabajo con enfoque cuantitativo, no experimental, de corte transversal, observacional y analítico en el “hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo” Resultados: Nuestro estudio determinó que, existe una mayor prevalencia del uso terapéutico de metformina en el género masculino (51.67%) 1.5:1 sobre el género femenino (48.33%). También se evidencia en el presente según el grupo etario hay una mayor incidencia en paciente de 61 años (41.67%). Existieron pacientes que presentaban niveles de creatinina mayores a 1, 2 g/dl (16%) Notando tambien que se encontró a pacientes con niveldes de LDH >200 mg/dl (1.67%) Destacando en el estudio, la falta de realización de fosfatasa alcalina en los pacientes analizados (80%). Analizando los perfiles hepáticos, notamos de importancia que se registraron pacientes con niveles de AST mayores a 41 U/L (13%) y de ALT mayores a 40 U/L (26.67).
Metformin is the antidiabetic drug that is most frequently used for treatment due to its cost-effectiveness. Metformin has also been shown to cause malabsorption of vitamin B12 and therefore cause its deficiency. Metformin influences the probability of causing hepatotoxicity to different degrees. And that one of the complications with the highest mortality is lactic acidosis. Objective: To define the different complications of long-term treatment with metformin in patients with DM2, found in the endocrinology area, during the study period at the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Specialty Hospital. Methodology: A work with a quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, observational and analytical approach is carried out in the “Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Specialty Hospital” Results: Our study determined that there is a higher prevalence of the therapeutic use of metformin in the male gender (51.67%) 1.5:1 about the female gender (48.33%) It is also evident in the present according to the age group there is a higher incidence in a 61-year-old patient (41.67%). There were patients with creatinine levels greater than 1.2 g / dl (16%) Also noting that patients were found with LDH levels> 200 mg / dl (1.67%) Highlighting in the study, the lack of performance of alkaline phosphatase in the patients analyzed (80%). Analyzing the liver profiles, we note of importance that patients were registered with AST levels greater than 41 U / L (13%) and ALT greater than 40 U / L (26.67)
Metformin is the antidiabetic drug that is most frequently used for treatment due to its cost-effectiveness. Metformin has also been shown to cause malabsorption of vitamin B12 and therefore cause its deficiency. Metformin influences the probability of causing hepatotoxicity to different degrees. And that one of the complications with the highest mortality is lactic acidosis. Objective: To define the different complications of long-term treatment with metformin in patients with DM2, found in the endocrinology area, during the study period at the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Specialty Hospital. Methodology: A work with a quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, observational and analytical approach is carried out in the “Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Specialty Hospital” Results: Our study determined that there is a higher prevalence of the therapeutic use of metformin in the male gender (51.67%) 1.5:1 about the female gender (48.33%) It is also evident in the present according to the age group there is a higher incidence in a 61-year-old patient (41.67%). There were patients with creatinine levels greater than 1.2 g / dl (16%) Also noting that patients were found with LDH levels> 200 mg / dl (1.67%) Highlighting in the study, the lack of performance of alkaline phosphatase in the patients analyzed (80%). Analyzing the liver profiles, we note of importance that patients were registered with AST levels greater than 41 U / L (13%) and ALT greater than 40 U / L (26.67)
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Metformina, Diabetes mellitus tipo 2, Mortalidad, Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador