Factores de riesgo relacionados con infección de sitio quirúrgico en apendicectomías
Fecha
2020
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
La infección de sitio quirúrgico, se define como la infección que se desarrolla dentro de los primeros 30 días posterior a una intervención quirúrgica, cuyos síntomas característicos son: dolor, presencia de secreción en la herida y fiebre. El objetivo general de este trabajo es determinar los factores de riesgo relacionados con infección de sitio quirúrgico en apendicectomías en el Hospital León Becerra Camacho de Milagro durante el periodo 2016-2019. La metodología utilizada en esta investigación, fue cuantitativa, diseño no experimental, de tipo transversal, utilizando el método observacional y analítico. Los resultados de este trabajo demostraron que más de la mitad de los pacientes tuvieron infección de sitio quirúrgico posterior a una apendicectomía convencional, sobre todo en aquellos que cursaron con fase necrótica y perforada al momento de la intervención, de igual manera en los pacientes donde se utilizó monoterapia como profilaxis antibiótica, en aquellos pacientes con cuadros clínicos de evolución de más de 48 horas y entre las comorbilidades más influyentes, obtuvimos a la diabetes junto con la obesidad. Concluyendo que, la apendicectomía por medio de técnica convencional es un indicador de alto riesgo de complicaciones cuando nos enfrentamos a comorbilidades y manejo prequirúrgico incorrecto.
Surgical site infection is defined as an infection that develops within the first 30 days after a surgical intervention, whose characteristic symptoms are: pain, presence of discharge from the wound and fever. The general objective of this work is to determine the risk factors related to surgical site infection in appendectomies at Hospital León Becerra Camacho de Milagro during the period 2016-2019. The methodology used in this research was quantitative, nonexperimental design, cross-sectional, using the observational and analytical method. The results of this work showed that more than half of the patients had surgical site infection after a conventional appendectomy, especially in those who had a necrotic and perforated phase at the time of the intervention, in the same way in patients where it was used monotherapy as antibiotic prophylaxis, in those patients with clinical evolution of more than 48 hours and among the most influential comorbidities, we obtained diabetes and obesity. Concluding that, appendectomy using the conventional technique is an indicator of high risk of complications when faced with comorbidities and incorrect pre-surgical management.
Surgical site infection is defined as an infection that develops within the first 30 days after a surgical intervention, whose characteristic symptoms are: pain, presence of discharge from the wound and fever. The general objective of this work is to determine the risk factors related to surgical site infection in appendectomies at Hospital León Becerra Camacho de Milagro during the period 2016-2019. The methodology used in this research was quantitative, nonexperimental design, cross-sectional, using the observational and analytical method. The results of this work showed that more than half of the patients had surgical site infection after a conventional appendectomy, especially in those who had a necrotic and perforated phase at the time of the intervention, in the same way in patients where it was used monotherapy as antibiotic prophylaxis, in those patients with clinical evolution of more than 48 hours and among the most influential comorbidities, we obtained diabetes and obesity. Concluding that, appendectomy using the conventional technique is an indicator of high risk of complications when faced with comorbidities and incorrect pre-surgical management.
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Factores de riesgo, Apendicectomías, Infección de la herida quirúrgica, Epidemiología analítica, Hospital General Dr. León Becerra Camacho, Cantón Milagro, Ecuador