Consecuencias de fuerzas ortodóncicas aplicadas sobre las estructuras óseo dentarias
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2021-03
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
El presente trabajo de investigación se hizo necesario al observar pacientes a los que se les practico tratamientos ortodóncicos y presentaron varios efectos adversos, lo cual se vuelve una complicación al tratarse de un proceso que cada día es más común. Por eso como objetivo de la investigación realizada fue determinar la forma que actúan las fuerzas ortodónticas sobre las estructuras óseas. Para el desarrollo del objetivo en este trabajo fue realizada una revisión de bibliográficas de artículos disponibles en la red, publicaciones de revistas, secciones de libros de varios autores y libros especializados de ortodoncia, teniendo en cuenta las opiniones de sus respectivos autores. Los resultados obtenidos detallan cómo reaccionan las piezas dentales al aplicar fuerza por diferentes aparatos tanto en dirección como rotación, para conseguir un buen resultado en el tratamiento, también se aprecian muchos efectos no deseados en el tratamiento ya que influyen factores como la edad, el cuidado del paciente y el seguimiento del ortodoncista durante todo el proceso. Concluyendo que al presentarse una mala mecánica en ortodoncia se debe conocer el movimiento de cada diente y ver las reacciones moleculares y celulares y aprender cómo afectan al funcionamiento del proceso ortodóncico evitarlos durante el tratamiento. La deformación del tejido óseo en el tratamiento, cuando la fuerza ortodóncica es ejercida sobre el diente provoca cambios en la estructura ósea, dentaria y del ligamento periodontal y cuando es aplicada correctamente además se hace un seguimiento detallado del tratamiento evitaría muchas complicaciones en lo que dura el tratamiento.
The present research work became necessary after observing patients who underwent orthodontic treatments and presented several adverse effects. Therefore, the objective of the research was to determine how orthodontic forces act on bone structures. For the development of the objective in this work, a bibliographic review of articles was carried out. The information was available on the network, magazine publications, sections of books by various authors and specialized orthodontic books. The results detail how the dental pieces react when force is applied by different appliances, both in direction and rotation so as to achieve a good result in the treatment. Many undesired effects are also seen in the treatment, since factors such as age, patient care and the orthodontist's follow-up during the whole process have an influence. In conclusion, it is important to know the movement of each tooth and to see the molecular and cellular reactions of how they affect the functioning of the orthodontic process to avoid them during the treatment. The deformation of the bone tissue in the treatment, when the orthodontic force is exerted on the tooth causes changes in the bone, tooth, and periodontal ligament structure and when it is applied correctly and there is a detailed follow-up of the treatment, it would avoid many complications during the duration of the treatment.
The present research work became necessary after observing patients who underwent orthodontic treatments and presented several adverse effects. Therefore, the objective of the research was to determine how orthodontic forces act on bone structures. For the development of the objective in this work, a bibliographic review of articles was carried out. The information was available on the network, magazine publications, sections of books by various authors and specialized orthodontic books. The results detail how the dental pieces react when force is applied by different appliances, both in direction and rotation so as to achieve a good result in the treatment. Many undesired effects are also seen in the treatment, since factors such as age, patient care and the orthodontist's follow-up during the whole process have an influence. In conclusion, it is important to know the movement of each tooth and to see the molecular and cellular reactions of how they affect the functioning of the orthodontic process to avoid them during the treatment. The deformation of the bone tissue in the treatment, when the orthodontic force is exerted on the tooth causes changes in the bone, tooth, and periodontal ligament structure and when it is applied correctly and there is a detailed follow-up of the treatment, it would avoid many complications during the duration of the treatment.
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BIOMECANICA, MOVIMIENTO DENTARIO, TRATAMIENTO ORTODONTICO